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<title>Creation: touch and mkdir</title>
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<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="FILE-COMMANDS-CREATION" name="FILE-COMMANDS-CREATION">10.4
Creation: <tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt> and <tt class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt></a></h1>
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<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3619" name="AEN3619">10.4.1 <tt
class="COMMAND">touch</tt></a></h2>
<p><tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt>(1) is used to change the timestamp on a file. You can
change access timestamps and modification timestamps with this command. If the file
specified does not exist, <tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt> will create a zero length file
with the name specified. To mark a file with the current system time, you would issue
this command:</p>
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<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">ls -al file1</kbd>
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9779 Feb 7 21:41 file1
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">touch file1</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">ls -al file1</kbd>
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9779 Feb 8 09:17 file1
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<p>There are several options for <tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt>, including options to
specify which timestamp to modify, the time to use, and many more. The online manual page
discusses these in detail.</p>
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<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3639" name="AEN3639">10.4.2 <tt
class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt></a></h2>
<p><tt class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt>(1) will create a new directory. You simply specify the
directory to create when you run mkdir. This example creates the <tt
class="FILENAME">hejaz</tt> directory in the current directory:</p>
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<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mkdir hejaz</kbd>
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<p>You can also specify a path, like this:</p>
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<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mkdir /usr/local/hejaz</kbd>
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<p>The <var class="OPTION">-p</var> option will tell <tt class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt> to
make any parent directories. The above example will fail if <tt
class="COMMAND">/usr/local</tt> does not exist. The <var class="OPTION">-p</var> option
will create <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/local</tt> and <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/local/hejaz</tt>:</p>
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<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mkdir -p /usr/local/hejaz</kbd>
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