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-<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th>
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-<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="vi.html"
-accesskey="P">Prev</a></td>
-<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 16 Vi</td>
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-
-<div class="SECT1">
-<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="VI-MODES" name="VI-MODES">16.2 Modes</a></h1>
-
-<p><tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> operates in various modes, which are used to accomplish
-various tasks. When you first start <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt>, you are placed into
-command mode. From this point, you can issue various commands to manipulate text, move
-around in the file, save, quit, and change modes. Editing the text is done in insert
-mode. You can quickly move between modes with a variety of keystrokes, which are
-explained below.</p>
-
-<div class="SECT2">
-<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="VI-MODES-COMMAND-MODE" name="VI-MODES-COMMAND-MODE">16.2.1
-Command Mode</a></h2>
-
-<p>You are first placed into command mode. From this mode, you cannot directly enter text
-or edit what is already there. However, you can manipulate the text, search, quit, save,
-load new files, and more. This is intended only to be an introduction to the command
-mode. For a description of the various commands, see <a href="vi-keys.html">Section
-16.7</a>.</p>
-
-<p>Probably the most often used command in command mode is changing to insert mode. This
-is accomplished by hitting the <b class="KEYCAP">i</b> key. The cursor changes shapes,
-and <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">-- INSERT --</i></span> is displayed at
-the bottom of the screen (note that this does not happen in all clones of <tt
-class="COMMAND">vi</tt>). From there, all your keystrokes are entered into the current
-buffer and are displayed to the screen. To get back into command mode, hit the <b
-class="KEYCAP">ESCAPE</b> key.</p>
-
-<p>Command mode is also where you move around in the file. On some systems, you can use
-the arrow keys to move around. On other systems, you may need to use the more traditional
-keys of &#8220;<b class="KEYCAP">hjkl</b>&#8221;. Here is a simple listing of how these
-keys are used to move around:</p>
-
-<div class="INFORMALTABLE"><a id="AEN5604" name="AEN5604"></a>
-<table border="0" frame="void" width="100%" class="CALSTABLE">
-<col width="25%" />
-<col width="75%" />
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td><b class="KEYCAP">h</b></td>
-<td>move left one character</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td><b class="KEYCAP">j</b></td>
-<td>move down one character</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td><b class="KEYCAP">k</b></td>
-<td>move up one character</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td><b class="KEYCAP">l</b></td>
-<td>move right one character</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-</div>
-
-<p>Simply press a key to move. As you will see later, these keys can be combined with a
-number to move much more efficiently.</p>
-
-<p>Many of the commands that you will use in command mode begin with a colon. For
-example, quitting is <b class="KEYCAP">:q</b>, as discussed earlier. The colon simply
-indicates that it is a command, while the &#8220;<b class="KEYCAP">q</b>&#8221; tells <tt
-class="COMMAND">vi</tt> to quit. Other commands are an optional number, followed by a
-letter. These commands do not have a colon before them, and are generally used to
-manipulate the text.</p>
-
-<p>For example, deleting one line from a file is accomplished by hitting <b
-class="KEYCAP">dd</b>. This will remove the line that the cursor is on. Issuing the
-command <b class="KEYCAP">4dd</b> would tell <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> to remove the
-line that the cursor is on and the three after that. In general, the number tells <tt
-class="COMMAND">vi</tt> how many times to perform the command.</p>
-
-<p>You can combine a number with the movement keys to move around several characters at a
-time. For example, <b class="KEYCAP">10k</b> would move up ten lines on the screen.</p>
-
-<p>Command mode can also be used to cut and paste, insert text, and read other files into
-the current buffer. Copying text is accomplished with the <b class="KEYCAP">y</b> key (<b
-class="KEYCAP">y</b> stands for yank). Copying the current line is done by typing <b
-class="KEYCAP">yy</b>, and this can be prefixed with a number to yank more lines. Then,
-move to the location for the copy and hit <b class="KEYCAP">p</b>. The text is pasted on
-the line after the current one.</p>
-
-<p>Cutting text is done by typing <b class="KEYCAP">dd</b>, and <b class="KEYCAP">p</b>
-can be used to paste the cut text back into the file. Reading in text from another file
-is a simple procedure. Just type <b class="KEYCAP">:r</b>, followed by a space and the
-file name that contains the text to be inserted. The file's contents will be pasted into
-the current buffer on the line after the cursor. More sophisticated <tt
-class="COMMAND">vi</tt> clones even contain filename completion similar to the
-shell's.</p>
-
-<p>The final use that will be covered is searching. Command mode allows for simple
-searching, as well as complicated search-and-replace commands that make use of a powerful
-version of regular expressions. A complete discussion of regular expressions is beyond
-the scope of this chapter, so this section will only cover simple means of searching.</p>
-
-<p>A simple search is accomplished by hitting the <b class="KEYCAP">/</b> key, followed
-by the text that you are searching for. <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> will search forward
-from the cursor to the end of the file for a match, stopping when it finds one. Note that
-inexact matches will cause <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> to stop as well. For example, a
-search for &#8220;<span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">the</i></span>&#8221; will
-cause <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> to stop on &#8220;<span class="emphasis"><i
-class="EMPHASIS">then</i></span>&#8221;, &#8220;<span class="emphasis"><i
-class="EMPHASIS">therefore</i></span>&#8221;, and so on. This is because all of those
-words do match &#8220;<span class="emphasis"><i
-class="EMPHASIS">the</i></span>&#8221;.</p>
-
-<p>After <tt class="COMMAND">vi</tt> has found the first match, you can continue on to
-the next match simply by hitting the <b class="KEYCAP">/</b> key followed by enter. You
-can also search backwards through the file by replacing the slash with the <b
-class="KEYCAP">?</b> key. For example, searching backwards through the file for
-&#8220;<span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">the</i></span>&#8221; would be
-accomplished by typing <b class="KEYCAP">?the</b>.</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class="SECT2">
-<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="VI-MODES-INSET-MODE" name="VI-MODES-INSET-MODE">16.2.2 Insert
-Mode</a></h2>
-
-<p>Inserting and replacing text is accomplished in insert mode. As previously discussed,
-you can get into insert mode by hitting <b class="KEYCAP">i</b> from command mode. Then,
-all text that you type is entered into the current buffer. Hitting the <b
-class="KEYCAP">ESCAPE</b> key takes you back into command mode.</p>
-
-<p>Replacing text is accomplished in several ways. From command mode, hitting <b
-class="KEYCAP">r</b> will allow you to replace the one character underneath the cursor.
-Just type the new character and it will replace the one under the cursor. You will then
-be immediately placed back into command mode. Hitting <b class="KEYCAP">R</b> allows you
-to replace as many characters as you'd like. To get out of this replacement mode, just
-hit <b class="KEYCAP">ESCAPE</b> to go back into command mode.</p>
-
-<p>There is yet another way to toggle between insertion and replacement. Hitting the <b
-class="KEYCAP">INSERT</b> key from command mode will take you into insert mode. Once you
-are in insert mode, the keyboard's <b class="KEYCAP">INSERT</b> key serves as a toggle
-between insert and replace. Hitting it once will allow you to replace. Hitting it once
-more will once again allow you to insert text.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
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