Issue #1677 - Part 1: Import new V8 regexp code with Mozilla's header modifications

1 files changed, 3834 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/js/src/regexp/regexp-compiler.cc b/js/src/regexp/regexp-compiler.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a2aa30dcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/js/src/regexp/regexp-compiler.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,3834 @@
+// Copyright 2019 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "regexp/regexp-compiler.h"
+
+#include "regexp/regexp-macro-assembler-arch.h"
+#include "regexp/regexp-macro-assembler-tracer.h"
+
+#ifdef V8_INTL_SUPPORT
+#include "unicode/locid.h"
+#include "unicode/uniset.h"
+#include "unicode/utypes.h"
+#endif  // V8_INTL_SUPPORT
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+using namespace regexp_compiler_constants;  // NOLINT(build/namespaces)
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Implementation of the Irregexp regular expression engine.
+//
+// The Irregexp regular expression engine is intended to be a complete
+// implementation of ECMAScript regular expressions.  It generates either
+// bytecodes or native code.
+
+//   The Irregexp regexp engine is structured in three steps.
+//   1) The parser generates an abstract syntax tree.  See ast.cc.
+//   2) From the AST a node network is created.  The nodes are all
+//      subclasses of RegExpNode.  The nodes represent states when
+//      executing a regular expression.  Several optimizations are
+//      performed on the node network.
+//   3) From the nodes we generate either byte codes or native code
+//      that can actually execute the regular expression (perform
+//      the search).  The code generation step is described in more
+//      detail below.
+
+// Code generation.
+//
+//   The nodes are divided into four main categories.
+//   * Choice nodes
+//        These represent places where the regular expression can
+//        match in more than one way.  For example on entry to an
+//        alternation (foo|bar) or a repetition (*, +, ? or {}).
+//   * Action nodes
+//        These represent places where some action should be
+//        performed.  Examples include recording the current position
+//        in the input string to a register (in order to implement
+//        captures) or other actions on register for example in order
+//        to implement the counters needed for {} repetitions.
+//   * Matching nodes
+//        These attempt to match some element part of the input string.
+//        Examples of elements include character classes, plain strings
+//        or back references.
+//   * End nodes
+//        These are used to implement the actions required on finding
+//        a successful match or failing to find a match.
+//
+//   The code generated (whether as byte codes or native code) maintains
+//   some state as it runs.  This consists of the following elements:
+//
+//   * The capture registers.  Used for string captures.
+//   * Other registers.  Used for counters etc.
+//   * The current position.
+//   * The stack of backtracking information.  Used when a matching node
+//     fails to find a match and needs to try an alternative.
+//
+// Conceptual regular expression execution model:
+//
+//   There is a simple conceptual model of regular expression execution
+//   which will be presented first.  The actual code generated is a more
+//   efficient simulation of the simple conceptual model:
+//
+//   * Choice nodes are implemented as follows:
+//     For each choice except the last {
+//       push current position
+//       push backtrack code location
+//       <generate code to test for choice>
+//       backtrack code location:
+//       pop current position
+//     }
+//     <generate code to test for last choice>
+//
+//   * Actions nodes are generated as follows
+//     <push affected registers on backtrack stack>
+//     <generate code to perform action>
+//     push backtrack code location
+//     <generate code to test for following nodes>
+//     backtrack code location:
+//     <pop affected registers to restore their state>
+//     <pop backtrack location from stack and go to it>
+//
+//   * Matching nodes are generated as follows:
+//     if input string matches at current position
+//       update current position
+//       <generate code to test for following nodes>
+//     else
+//       <pop backtrack location from stack and go to it>
+//
+//   Thus it can be seen that the current position is saved and restored
+//   by the choice nodes, whereas the registers are saved and restored by
+//   by the action nodes that manipulate them.
+//
+//   The other interesting aspect of this model is that nodes are generated
+//   at the point where they are needed by a recursive call to Emit().  If
+//   the node has already been code generated then the Emit() call will
+//   generate a jump to the previously generated code instead.  In order to
+//   limit recursion it is possible for the Emit() function to put the node
+//   on a work list for later generation and instead generate a jump.  The
+//   destination of the jump is resolved later when the code is generated.
+//
+// Actual regular expression code generation.
+//
+//   Code generation is actually more complicated than the above.  In order
+//   to improve the efficiency of the generated code some optimizations are
+//   performed
+//
+//   * Choice nodes have 1-character lookahead.
+//     A choice node looks at the following character and eliminates some of
+//     the choices immediately based on that character.  This is not yet
+//     implemented.
+//   * Simple greedy loops store reduced backtracking information.
+//     A quantifier like /.*foo/m will greedily match the whole input.  It will
+//     then need to backtrack to a point where it can match "foo".  The naive
+//     implementation of this would push each character position onto the
+//     backtracking stack, then pop them off one by one.  This would use space
+//     proportional to the length of the input string.  However since the "."
+//     can only match in one way and always has a constant length (in this case
+//     of 1) it suffices to store the current position on the top of the stack
+//     once.  Matching now becomes merely incrementing the current position and
+//     backtracking becomes decrementing the current position and checking the
+//     result against the stored current position.  This is faster and saves
+//     space.
+//   * The current state is virtualized.
+//     This is used to defer expensive operations until it is clear that they
+//     are needed and to generate code for a node more than once, allowing
+//     specialized an efficient versions of the code to be created. This is
+//     explained in the section below.
+//
+// Execution state virtualization.
+//
+//   Instead of emitting code, nodes that manipulate the state can record their
+//   manipulation in an object called the Trace.  The Trace object can record a
+//   current position offset, an optional backtrack code location on the top of
+//   the virtualized backtrack stack and some register changes.  When a node is
+//   to be emitted it can flush the Trace or update it.  Flushing the Trace
+//   will emit code to bring the actual state into line with the virtual state.
+//   Avoiding flushing the state can postpone some work (e.g. updates of capture
+//   registers).  Postponing work can save time when executing the regular
+//   expression since it may be found that the work never has to be done as a
+//   failure to match can occur.  In addition it is much faster to jump to a
+//   known backtrack code location than it is to pop an unknown backtrack
+//   location from the stack and jump there.
+//
+//   The virtual state found in the Trace affects code generation.  For example
+//   the virtual state contains the difference between the actual current
+//   position and the virtual current position, and matching code needs to use
+//   this offset to attempt a match in the correct location of the input
+//   string.  Therefore code generated for a non-trivial trace is specialized
+//   to that trace.  The code generator therefore has the ability to generate
+//   code for each node several times.  In order to limit the size of the
+//   generated code there is an arbitrary limit on how many specialized sets of
+//   code may be generated for a given node.  If the limit is reached, the
+//   trace is flushed and a generic version of the code for a node is emitted.
+//   This is subsequently used for that node.  The code emitted for non-generic
+//   trace is not recorded in the node and so it cannot currently be reused in
+//   the event that code generation is requested for an identical trace.
+
+void RegExpTree::AppendToText(RegExpText* text, Zone* zone) { UNREACHABLE(); }
+
+void RegExpAtom::AppendToText(RegExpText* text, Zone* zone) {
+  text->AddElement(TextElement::Atom(this), zone);
+}
+
+void RegExpCharacterClass::AppendToText(RegExpText* text, Zone* zone) {
+  text->AddElement(TextElement::CharClass(this), zone);
+}
+
+void RegExpText::AppendToText(RegExpText* text, Zone* zone) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < elements()->length(); i++)
+    text->AddElement(elements()->at(i), zone);
+}
+
+TextElement TextElement::Atom(RegExpAtom* atom) {
+  return TextElement(ATOM, atom);
+}
+
+TextElement TextElement::CharClass(RegExpCharacterClass* char_class) {
+  return TextElement(CHAR_CLASS, char_class);
+}
+
+int TextElement::length() const {
+  switch (text_type()) {
+    case ATOM:
+      return atom()->length();
+
+    case CHAR_CLASS:
+      return 1;
+  }
+  UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+class RecursionCheck {
+ public:
+  explicit RecursionCheck(RegExpCompiler* compiler) : compiler_(compiler) {
+    compiler->IncrementRecursionDepth();
+  }
+  ~RecursionCheck() { compiler_->DecrementRecursionDepth(); }
+
+ private:
+  RegExpCompiler* compiler_;
+};
+
+// Attempts to compile the regexp using an Irregexp code generator.  Returns
+// a fixed array or a null handle depending on whether it succeeded.
+RegExpCompiler::RegExpCompiler(Isolate* isolate, Zone* zone, int capture_count,
+                               bool one_byte)
+    : next_register_(2 * (capture_count + 1)),
+      unicode_lookaround_stack_register_(kNoRegister),
+      unicode_lookaround_position_register_(kNoRegister),
+      work_list_(nullptr),
+      recursion_depth_(0),
+      one_byte_(one_byte),
+      reg_exp_too_big_(false),
+      limiting_recursion_(false),
+      optimize_(FLAG_regexp_optimization),
+      read_backward_(false),
+      current_expansion_factor_(1),
+      frequency_collator_(),
+      isolate_(isolate),
+      zone_(zone) {
+  accept_ = new (zone) EndNode(EndNode::ACCEPT, zone);
+  DCHECK_GE(RegExpMacroAssembler::kMaxRegister, next_register_ - 1);
+}
+
+RegExpCompiler::CompilationResult RegExpCompiler::Assemble(
+    Isolate* isolate, RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler, RegExpNode* start,
+    int capture_count, Handle<String> pattern) {
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  if (FLAG_trace_regexp_assembler)
+    macro_assembler_ = new RegExpMacroAssemblerTracer(isolate, macro_assembler);
+  else
+#endif
+    macro_assembler_ = macro_assembler;
+
+  std::vector<RegExpNode*> work_list;
+  work_list_ = &work_list;
+  Label fail;
+  macro_assembler_->PushBacktrack(&fail);
+  Trace new_trace;
+  start->Emit(this, &new_trace);
+  macro_assembler_->Bind(&fail);
+  macro_assembler_->Fail();
+  while (!work_list.empty()) {
+    RegExpNode* node = work_list.back();
+    work_list.pop_back();
+    node->set_on_work_list(false);
+    if (!node->label()->is_bound()) node->Emit(this, &new_trace);
+  }
+  if (reg_exp_too_big_) {
+    macro_assembler_->AbortedCodeGeneration();
+    return CompilationResult::RegExpTooBig();
+  }
+
+  Handle<HeapObject> code = macro_assembler_->GetCode(pattern);
+  isolate->IncreaseTotalRegexpCodeGenerated(code->Size());
+  work_list_ = nullptr;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  if (FLAG_trace_regexp_assembler) {
+    delete macro_assembler_;
+  }
+#endif
+  return {*code, next_register_};
+}
+
+bool Trace::DeferredAction::Mentions(int that) {
+  if (action_type() == ActionNode::CLEAR_CAPTURES) {
+    Interval range = static_cast<DeferredClearCaptures*>(this)->range();
+    return range.Contains(that);
+  } else {
+    return reg() == that;
+  }
+}
+
+bool Trace::mentions_reg(int reg) {
+  for (DeferredAction* action = actions_; action != nullptr;
+       action = action->next()) {
+    if (action->Mentions(reg)) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool Trace::GetStoredPosition(int reg, int* cp_offset) {
+  DCHECK_EQ(0, *cp_offset);
+  for (DeferredAction* action = actions_; action != nullptr;
+       action = action->next()) {
+    if (action->Mentions(reg)) {
+      if (action->action_type() == ActionNode::STORE_POSITION) {
+        *cp_offset = static_cast<DeferredCapture*>(action)->cp_offset();
+        return true;
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+// A (dynamically-sized) set of unsigned integers that behaves especially well
+// on small integers (< kFirstLimit). May do zone-allocation.
+class DynamicBitSet : public ZoneObject {
+ public:
+  V8_EXPORT_PRIVATE bool Get(unsigned value) const {
+    if (value < kFirstLimit) {
+      return (first_ & (1 << value)) != 0;
+    } else if (remaining_ == nullptr) {
+      return false;
+    } else {
+      return remaining_->Contains(value);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Destructively set a value in this set.
+  void Set(unsigned value, Zone* zone) {
+    if (value < kFirstLimit) {
+      first_ |= (1 << value);
+    } else {
+      if (remaining_ == nullptr)
+        remaining_ = new (zone) ZoneList<unsigned>(1, zone);
+      if (remaining_->is_empty() || !remaining_->Contains(value))
+        remaining_->Add(value, zone);
+    }
+  }
+
+ private:
+  static constexpr unsigned kFirstLimit = 32;
+
+  uint32_t first_ = 0;
+  ZoneList<unsigned>* remaining_ = nullptr;
+};
+
+int Trace::FindAffectedRegisters(DynamicBitSet* affected_registers,
+                                 Zone* zone) {
+  int max_register = RegExpCompiler::kNoRegister;
+  for (DeferredAction* action = actions_; action != nullptr;
+       action = action->next()) {
+    if (action->action_type() == ActionNode::CLEAR_CAPTURES) {
+      Interval range = static_cast<DeferredClearCaptures*>(action)->range();
+      for (int i = range.from(); i <= range.to(); i++)
+        affected_registers->Set(i, zone);
+      if (range.to() > max_register) max_register = range.to();
+    } else {
+      affected_registers->Set(action->reg(), zone);
+      if (action->reg() > max_register) max_register = action->reg();
+    }
+  }
+  return max_register;
+}
+
+void Trace::RestoreAffectedRegisters(RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler,
+                                     int max_register,
+                                     const DynamicBitSet& registers_to_pop,
+                                     const DynamicBitSet& registers_to_clear) {
+  for (int reg = max_register; reg >= 0; reg--) {
+    if (registers_to_pop.Get(reg)) {
+      assembler->PopRegister(reg);
+    } else if (registers_to_clear.Get(reg)) {
+      int clear_to = reg;
+      while (reg > 0 && registers_to_clear.Get(reg - 1)) {
+        reg--;
+      }
+      assembler->ClearRegisters(reg, clear_to);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Trace::PerformDeferredActions(RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler,
+                                   int max_register,
+                                   const DynamicBitSet& affected_registers,
+                                   DynamicBitSet* registers_to_pop,
+                                   DynamicBitSet* registers_to_clear,
+                                   Zone* zone) {
+  // The "+1" is to avoid a push_limit of zero if stack_limit_slack() is 1.
+  const int push_limit = (assembler->stack_limit_slack() + 1) / 2;
+
+  // Count pushes performed to force a stack limit check occasionally.
+  int pushes = 0;
+
+  for (int reg = 0; reg <= max_register; reg++) {
+    if (!affected_registers.Get(reg)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    // The chronologically first deferred action in the trace
+    // is used to infer the action needed to restore a register
+    // to its previous state (or not, if it's safe to ignore it).
+    enum DeferredActionUndoType { IGNORE, RESTORE, CLEAR };
+    DeferredActionUndoType undo_action = IGNORE;
+
+    int value = 0;
+    bool absolute = false;
+    bool clear = false;
+    static const int kNoStore = kMinInt;
+    int store_position = kNoStore;
+    // This is a little tricky because we are scanning the actions in reverse
+    // historical order (newest first).
+    for (DeferredAction* action = actions_; action != nullptr;
+         action = action->next()) {
+      if (action->Mentions(reg)) {
+        switch (action->action_type()) {
+          case ActionNode::SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP: {
+            Trace::DeferredSetRegisterForLoop* psr =
+                static_cast<Trace::DeferredSetRegisterForLoop*>(action);
+            if (!absolute) {
+              value += psr->value();
+              absolute = true;
+            }
+            // SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP is only used for newly introduced loop
+            // counters. They can have a significant previous value if they
+            // occur in a loop. TODO(lrn): Propagate this information, so
+            // we can set undo_action to IGNORE if we know there is no value to
+            // restore.
+            undo_action = RESTORE;
+            DCHECK_EQ(store_position, kNoStore);
+            DCHECK(!clear);
+            break;
+          }
+          case ActionNode::INCREMENT_REGISTER:
+            if (!absolute) {
+              value++;
+            }
+            DCHECK_EQ(store_position, kNoStore);
+            DCHECK(!clear);
+            undo_action = RESTORE;
+            break;
+          case ActionNode::STORE_POSITION: {
+            Trace::DeferredCapture* pc =
+                static_cast<Trace::DeferredCapture*>(action);
+            if (!clear && store_position == kNoStore) {
+              store_position = pc->cp_offset();
+            }
+
+            // For captures we know that stores and clears alternate.
+            // Other register, are never cleared, and if the occur
+            // inside a loop, they might be assigned more than once.
+            if (reg <= 1) {
+              // Registers zero and one, aka "capture zero", is
+              // always set correctly if we succeed. There is no
+              // need to undo a setting on backtrack, because we
+              // will set it again or fail.
+              undo_action = IGNORE;
+            } else {
+              undo_action = pc->is_capture() ? CLEAR : RESTORE;
+            }
+            DCHECK(!absolute);
+            DCHECK_EQ(value, 0);
+            break;
+          }
+          case ActionNode::CLEAR_CAPTURES: {
+            // Since we're scanning in reverse order, if we've already
+            // set the position we have to ignore historically earlier
+            // clearing operations.
+            if (store_position == kNoStore) {
+              clear = true;
+            }
+            undo_action = RESTORE;
+            DCHECK(!absolute);
+            DCHECK_EQ(value, 0);
+            break;
+          }
+          default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+            break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    // Prepare for the undo-action (e.g., push if it's going to be popped).
+    if (undo_action == RESTORE) {
+      pushes++;
+      RegExpMacroAssembler::StackCheckFlag stack_check =
+          RegExpMacroAssembler::kNoStackLimitCheck;
+      if (pushes == push_limit) {
+        stack_check = RegExpMacroAssembler::kCheckStackLimit;
+        pushes = 0;
+      }
+
+      assembler->PushRegister(reg, stack_check);
+      registers_to_pop->Set(reg, zone);
+    } else if (undo_action == CLEAR) {
+      registers_to_clear->Set(reg, zone);
+    }
+    // Perform the chronologically last action (or accumulated increment)
+    // for the register.
+    if (store_position != kNoStore) {
+      assembler->WriteCurrentPositionToRegister(reg, store_position);
+    } else if (clear) {
+      assembler->ClearRegisters(reg, reg);
+    } else if (absolute) {
+      assembler->SetRegister(reg, value);
+    } else if (value != 0) {
+      assembler->AdvanceRegister(reg, value);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// This is called as we come into a loop choice node and some other tricky
+// nodes.  It normalizes the state of the code generator to ensure we can
+// generate generic code.
+void Trace::Flush(RegExpCompiler* compiler, RegExpNode* successor) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+
+  DCHECK(!is_trivial());
+
+  if (actions_ == nullptr && backtrack() == nullptr) {
+    // Here we just have some deferred cp advances to fix and we are back to
+    // a normal situation.  We may also have to forget some information gained
+    // through a quick check that was already performed.
+    if (cp_offset_ != 0) assembler->AdvanceCurrentPosition(cp_offset_);
+    // Create a new trivial state and generate the node with that.
+    Trace new_state;
+    successor->Emit(compiler, &new_state);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Generate deferred actions here along with code to undo them again.
+  DynamicBitSet affected_registers;
+
+  if (backtrack() != nullptr) {
+    // Here we have a concrete backtrack location.  These are set up by choice
+    // nodes and so they indicate that we have a deferred save of the current
+    // position which we may need to emit here.
+    assembler->PushCurrentPosition();
+  }
+
+  int max_register =
+      FindAffectedRegisters(&affected_registers, compiler->zone());
+  DynamicBitSet registers_to_pop;
+  DynamicBitSet registers_to_clear;
+  PerformDeferredActions(assembler, max_register, affected_registers,
+                         &registers_to_pop, &registers_to_clear,
+                         compiler->zone());
+  if (cp_offset_ != 0) {
+    assembler->AdvanceCurrentPosition(cp_offset_);
+  }
+
+  // Create a new trivial state and generate the node with that.
+  Label undo;
+  assembler->PushBacktrack(&undo);
+  if (successor->KeepRecursing(compiler)) {
+    Trace new_state;
+    successor->Emit(compiler, &new_state);
+  } else {
+    compiler->AddWork(successor);
+    assembler->GoTo(successor->label());
+  }
+
+  // On backtrack we need to restore state.
+  assembler->Bind(&undo);
+  RestoreAffectedRegisters(assembler, max_register, registers_to_pop,
+                           registers_to_clear);
+  if (backtrack() == nullptr) {
+    assembler->Backtrack();
+  } else {
+    assembler->PopCurrentPosition();
+    assembler->GoTo(backtrack());
+  }
+}
+
+void NegativeSubmatchSuccess::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+
+  // Omit flushing the trace. We discard the entire stack frame anyway.
+
+  if (!label()->is_bound()) {
+    // We are completely independent of the trace, since we ignore it,
+    // so this code can be used as the generic version.
+    assembler->Bind(label());
+  }
+
+  // Throw away everything on the backtrack stack since the start
+  // of the negative submatch and restore the character position.
+  assembler->ReadCurrentPositionFromRegister(current_position_register_);
+  assembler->ReadStackPointerFromRegister(stack_pointer_register_);
+  if (clear_capture_count_ > 0) {
+    // Clear any captures that might have been performed during the success
+    // of the body of the negative look-ahead.
+    int clear_capture_end = clear_capture_start_ + clear_capture_count_ - 1;
+    assembler->ClearRegisters(clear_capture_start_, clear_capture_end);
+  }
+  // Now that we have unwound the stack we find at the top of the stack the
+  // backtrack that the BeginSubmatch node got.
+  assembler->Backtrack();
+}
+
+void EndNode::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  if (!trace->is_trivial()) {
+    trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+    return;
+  }
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  if (!label()->is_bound()) {
+    assembler->Bind(label());
+  }
+  switch (action_) {
+    case ACCEPT:
+      assembler->Succeed();
+      return;
+    case BACKTRACK:
+      assembler->GoTo(trace->backtrack());
+      return;
+    case NEGATIVE_SUBMATCH_SUCCESS:
+      // This case is handled in a different virtual method.
+      UNREACHABLE();
+  }
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+}
+
+void GuardedAlternative::AddGuard(Guard* guard, Zone* zone) {
+  if (guards_ == nullptr) guards_ = new (zone) ZoneList<Guard*>(1, zone);
+  guards_->Add(guard, zone);
+}
+
+ActionNode* ActionNode::SetRegisterForLoop(int reg, int val,
+                                           RegExpNode* on_success) {
+  ActionNode* result =
+      new (on_success->zone()) ActionNode(SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP, on_success);
+  result->data_.u_store_register.reg = reg;
+  result->data_.u_store_register.value = val;
+  return result;
+}
+
+ActionNode* ActionNode::IncrementRegister(int reg, RegExpNode* on_success) {
+  ActionNode* result =
+      new (on_success->zone()) ActionNode(INCREMENT_REGISTER, on_success);
+  result->data_.u_increment_register.reg = reg;
+  return result;
+}
+
+ActionNode* ActionNode::StorePosition(int reg, bool is_capture,
+                                      RegExpNode* on_success) {
+  ActionNode* result =
+      new (on_success->zone()) ActionNode(STORE_POSITION, on_success);
+  result->data_.u_position_register.reg = reg;
+  result->data_.u_position_register.is_capture = is_capture;
+  return result;
+}
+
+ActionNode* ActionNode::ClearCaptures(Interval range, RegExpNode* on_success) {
+  ActionNode* result =
+      new (on_success->zone()) ActionNode(CLEAR_CAPTURES, on_success);
+  result->data_.u_clear_captures.range_from = range.from();
+  result->data_.u_clear_captures.range_to = range.to();
+  return result;
+}
+
+ActionNode* ActionNode::BeginSubmatch(int stack_reg, int position_reg,
+                                      RegExpNode* on_success) {
+  ActionNode* result =
+      new (on_success->zone()) ActionNode(BEGIN_SUBMATCH, on_success);
+  result->data_.u_submatch.stack_pointer_register = stack_reg;
+  result->data_.u_submatch.current_position_register = position_reg;
+  return result;
+}
+
+ActionNode* ActionNode::PositiveSubmatchSuccess(int stack_reg, int position_reg,
+                                                int clear_register_count,
+                                                int clear_register_from,
+                                                RegExpNode* on_success) {
+  ActionNode* result = new (on_success->zone())
+      ActionNode(POSITIVE_SUBMATCH_SUCCESS, on_success);
+  result->data_.u_submatch.stack_pointer_register = stack_reg;
+  result->data_.u_submatch.current_position_register = position_reg;
+  result->data_.u_submatch.clear_register_count = clear_register_count;
+  result->data_.u_submatch.clear_register_from = clear_register_from;
+  return result;
+}
+
+ActionNode* ActionNode::EmptyMatchCheck(int start_register,
+                                        int repetition_register,
+                                        int repetition_limit,
+                                        RegExpNode* on_success) {
+  ActionNode* result =
+      new (on_success->zone()) ActionNode(EMPTY_MATCH_CHECK, on_success);
+  result->data_.u_empty_match_check.start_register = start_register;
+  result->data_.u_empty_match_check.repetition_register = repetition_register;
+  result->data_.u_empty_match_check.repetition_limit = repetition_limit;
+  return result;
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_ACCEPT(Type) \
+  void Type##Node::Accept(NodeVisitor* visitor) { visitor->Visit##Type(this); }
+FOR_EACH_NODE_TYPE(DEFINE_ACCEPT)
+#undef DEFINE_ACCEPT
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Emit code.
+
+void ChoiceNode::GenerateGuard(RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler,
+                               Guard* guard, Trace* trace) {
+  switch (guard->op()) {
+    case Guard::LT:
+      DCHECK(!trace->mentions_reg(guard->reg()));
+      macro_assembler->IfRegisterGE(guard->reg(), guard->value(),
+                                    trace->backtrack());
+      break;
+    case Guard::GEQ:
+      DCHECK(!trace->mentions_reg(guard->reg()));
+      macro_assembler->IfRegisterLT(guard->reg(), guard->value(),
+                                    trace->backtrack());
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+// Returns the number of characters in the equivalence class, omitting those
+// that cannot occur in the source string because it is Latin1.
+static int GetCaseIndependentLetters(Isolate* isolate, uc16 character,
+                                     bool one_byte_subject,
+                                     unibrow::uchar* letters,
+                                     int letter_length) {
+#ifdef V8_INTL_SUPPORT
+  // Special case for U+017F which has upper case in ASCII range.
+  if (character == 0x017f) {
+    letters[0] = character;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  icu::UnicodeSet set;
+  set.add(character);
+  set = set.closeOver(USET_CASE_INSENSITIVE);
+  int32_t range_count = set.getRangeCount();
+  int items = 0;
+  for (int32_t i = 0; i < range_count; i++) {
+    UChar32 start = set.getRangeStart(i);
+    UChar32 end = set.getRangeEnd(i);
+    CHECK(end - start + items <= letter_length);
+    // Only add to the output if character is not in ASCII range
+    // or the case equivalent character is in ASCII range.
+    // #sec-runtime-semantics-canonicalize-ch
+    // 3.g If the numeric value of ch ≥ 128 and the numeric value of cu < 128,
+    //     return ch.
+    if (!((start >= 128) && (character < 128))) {
+      // No range have start and end span across code point 128.
+      DCHECK((start >= 128) == (end >= 128));
+      for (UChar32 cu = start; cu <= end; cu++) {
+        if (one_byte_subject && cu > String::kMaxOneByteCharCode) break;
+        letters[items++] = (unibrow::uchar)(cu);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return items;
+#else
+  int length =
+      isolate->jsregexp_uncanonicalize()->get(character, '\0', letters);
+  // Unibrow returns 0 or 1 for characters where case independence is
+  // trivial.
+  if (length == 0) {
+    letters[0] = character;
+    length = 1;
+  }
+
+  if (one_byte_subject) {
+    int new_length = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+      if (letters[i] <= String::kMaxOneByteCharCode) {
+        letters[new_length++] = letters[i];
+      }
+    }
+    length = new_length;
+  }
+
+  return length;
+#endif  // V8_INTL_SUPPORT
+}
+
+static inline bool EmitSimpleCharacter(Isolate* isolate,
+                                       RegExpCompiler* compiler, uc16 c,
+                                       Label* on_failure, int cp_offset,
+                                       bool check, bool preloaded) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  bool bound_checked = false;
+  if (!preloaded) {
+    assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(cp_offset, on_failure, check);
+    bound_checked = true;
+  }
+  assembler->CheckNotCharacter(c, on_failure);
+  return bound_checked;
+}
+
+// Only emits non-letters (things that don't have case).  Only used for case
+// independent matches.
+static inline bool EmitAtomNonLetter(Isolate* isolate, RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                     uc16 c, Label* on_failure, int cp_offset,
+                                     bool check, bool preloaded) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  bool one_byte = compiler->one_byte();
+  unibrow::uchar chars[4];
+  int length = GetCaseIndependentLetters(isolate, c, one_byte, chars, 4);
+  if (length < 1) {
+    // This can't match.  Must be an one-byte subject and a non-one-byte
+    // character.  We do not need to do anything since the one-byte pass
+    // already handled this.
+    return false;  // Bounds not checked.
+  }
+  bool checked = false;
+  // We handle the length > 1 case in a later pass.
+  if (length == 1) {
+    if (one_byte && c > String::kMaxOneByteCharCodeU) {
+      // Can't match - see above.
+      return false;  // Bounds not checked.
+    }
+    if (!preloaded) {
+      macro_assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(cp_offset, on_failure, check);
+      checked = check;
+    }
+    macro_assembler->CheckNotCharacter(c, on_failure);
+  }
+  return checked;
+}
+
+static bool ShortCutEmitCharacterPair(RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler,
+                                      bool one_byte, uc16 c1, uc16 c2,
+                                      Label* on_failure) {
+  uc16 char_mask;
+  if (one_byte) {
+    char_mask = String::kMaxOneByteCharCode;
+  } else {
+    char_mask = String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit;
+  }
+  uc16 exor = c1 ^ c2;
+  // Check whether exor has only one bit set.
+  if (((exor - 1) & exor) == 0) {
+    // If c1 and c2 differ only by one bit.
+    // Ecma262UnCanonicalize always gives the highest number last.
+    DCHECK(c2 > c1);
+    uc16 mask = char_mask ^ exor;
+    macro_assembler->CheckNotCharacterAfterAnd(c1, mask, on_failure);
+    return true;
+  }
+  DCHECK(c2 > c1);
+  uc16 diff = c2 - c1;
+  if (((diff - 1) & diff) == 0 && c1 >= diff) {
+    // If the characters differ by 2^n but don't differ by one bit then
+    // subtract the difference from the found character, then do the or
+    // trick.  We avoid the theoretical case where negative numbers are
+    // involved in order to simplify code generation.
+    uc16 mask = char_mask ^ diff;
+    macro_assembler->CheckNotCharacterAfterMinusAnd(c1 - diff, diff, mask,
+                                                    on_failure);
+    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+using EmitCharacterFunction = bool(Isolate* isolate, RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                   uc16 c, Label* on_failure, int cp_offset,
+                                   bool check, bool preloaded);
+
+// Only emits letters (things that have case).  Only used for case independent
+// matches.
+static inline bool EmitAtomLetter(Isolate* isolate, RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                  uc16 c, Label* on_failure, int cp_offset,
+                                  bool check, bool preloaded) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  bool one_byte = compiler->one_byte();
+  unibrow::uchar chars[4];
+  int length = GetCaseIndependentLetters(isolate, c, one_byte, chars, 4);
+  if (length <= 1) return false;
+  // We may not need to check against the end of the input string
+  // if this character lies before a character that matched.
+  if (!preloaded) {
+    macro_assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(cp_offset, on_failure, check);
+  }
+  Label ok;
+  switch (length) {
+    case 2: {
+      if (ShortCutEmitCharacterPair(macro_assembler, one_byte, chars[0],
+                                    chars[1], on_failure)) {
+      } else {
+        macro_assembler->CheckCharacter(chars[0], &ok);
+        macro_assembler->CheckNotCharacter(chars[1], on_failure);
+        macro_assembler->Bind(&ok);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 4:
+      macro_assembler->CheckCharacter(chars[3], &ok);
+      V8_FALLTHROUGH;
+    case 3:
+      macro_assembler->CheckCharacter(chars[0], &ok);
+      macro_assembler->CheckCharacter(chars[1], &ok);
+      macro_assembler->CheckNotCharacter(chars[2], on_failure);
+      macro_assembler->Bind(&ok);
+      break;
+    default:
+      UNREACHABLE();
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static void EmitBoundaryTest(RegExpMacroAssembler* masm, int border,
+                             Label* fall_through, Label* above_or_equal,
+                             Label* below) {
+  if (below != fall_through) {
+    masm->CheckCharacterLT(border, below);
+    if (above_or_equal != fall_through) masm->GoTo(above_or_equal);
+  } else {
+    masm->CheckCharacterGT(border - 1, above_or_equal);
+  }
+}
+
+static void EmitDoubleBoundaryTest(RegExpMacroAssembler* masm, int first,
+                                   int last, Label* fall_through,
+                                   Label* in_range, Label* out_of_range) {
+  if (in_range == fall_through) {
+    if (first == last) {
+      masm->CheckNotCharacter(first, out_of_range);
+    } else {
+      masm->CheckCharacterNotInRange(first, last, out_of_range);
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (first == last) {
+      masm->CheckCharacter(first, in_range);
+    } else {
+      masm->CheckCharacterInRange(first, last, in_range);
+    }
+    if (out_of_range != fall_through) masm->GoTo(out_of_range);
+  }
+}
+
+// even_label is for ranges[i] to ranges[i + 1] where i - start_index is even.
+// odd_label is for ranges[i] to ranges[i + 1] where i - start_index is odd.
+static void EmitUseLookupTable(RegExpMacroAssembler* masm,
+                               ZoneList<int>* ranges, int start_index,
+                               int end_index, int min_char, Label* fall_through,
+                               Label* even_label, Label* odd_label) {
+  static const int kSize = RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableSize;
+  static const int kMask = RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableMask;
+
+  int base = (min_char & ~kMask);
+  USE(base);
+
+  // Assert that everything is on one kTableSize page.
+  for (int i = start_index; i <= end_index; i++) {
+    DCHECK_EQ(ranges->at(i) & ~kMask, base);
+  }
+  DCHECK(start_index == 0 || (ranges->at(start_index - 1) & ~kMask) <= base);
+
+  char templ[kSize];
+  Label* on_bit_set;
+  Label* on_bit_clear;
+  int bit;
+  if (even_label == fall_through) {
+    on_bit_set = odd_label;
+    on_bit_clear = even_label;
+    bit = 1;
+  } else {
+    on_bit_set = even_label;
+    on_bit_clear = odd_label;
+    bit = 0;
+  }
+  for (int i = 0; i < (ranges->at(start_index) & kMask) && i < kSize; i++) {
+    templ[i] = bit;
+  }
+  int j = 0;
+  bit ^= 1;
+  for (int i = start_index; i < end_index; i++) {
+    for (j = (ranges->at(i) & kMask); j < (ranges->at(i + 1) & kMask); j++) {
+      templ[j] = bit;
+    }
+    bit ^= 1;
+  }
+  for (int i = j; i < kSize; i++) {
+    templ[i] = bit;
+  }
+  Factory* factory = masm->isolate()->factory();
+  // TODO(erikcorry): Cache these.
+  Handle<ByteArray> ba = factory->NewByteArray(kSize, AllocationType::kOld);
+  for (int i = 0; i < kSize; i++) {
+    ba->set(i, templ[i]);
+  }
+  masm->CheckBitInTable(ba, on_bit_set);
+  if (on_bit_clear != fall_through) masm->GoTo(on_bit_clear);
+}
+
+static void CutOutRange(RegExpMacroAssembler* masm, ZoneList<int>* ranges,
+                        int start_index, int end_index, int cut_index,
+                        Label* even_label, Label* odd_label) {
+  bool odd = (((cut_index - start_index) & 1) == 1);
+  Label* in_range_label = odd ? odd_label : even_label;
+  Label dummy;
+  EmitDoubleBoundaryTest(masm, ranges->at(cut_index),
+                         ranges->at(cut_index + 1) - 1, &dummy, in_range_label,
+                         &dummy);
+  DCHECK(!dummy.is_linked());
+  // Cut out the single range by rewriting the array.  This creates a new
+  // range that is a merger of the two ranges on either side of the one we
+  // are cutting out.  The oddity of the labels is preserved.
+  for (int j = cut_index; j > start_index; j--) {
+    ranges->at(j) = ranges->at(j - 1);
+  }
+  for (int j = cut_index + 1; j < end_index; j++) {
+    ranges->at(j) = ranges->at(j + 1);
+  }
+}
+
+// Unicode case.  Split the search space into kSize spaces that are handled
+// with recursion.
+static void SplitSearchSpace(ZoneList<int>* ranges, int start_index,
+                             int end_index, int* new_start_index,
+                             int* new_end_index, int* border) {
+  static const int kSize = RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableSize;
+  static const int kMask = RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableMask;
+
+  int first = ranges->at(start_index);
+  int last = ranges->at(end_index) - 1;
+
+  *new_start_index = start_index;
+  *border = (ranges->at(start_index) & ~kMask) + kSize;
+  while (*new_start_index < end_index) {
+    if (ranges->at(*new_start_index) > *border) break;
+    (*new_start_index)++;
+  }
+  // new_start_index is the index of the first edge that is beyond the
+  // current kSize space.
+
+  // For very large search spaces we do a binary chop search of the non-Latin1
+  // space instead of just going to the end of the current kSize space.  The
+  // heuristics are complicated a little by the fact that any 128-character
+  // encoding space can be quickly tested with a table lookup, so we don't
+  // wish to do binary chop search at a smaller granularity than that.  A
+  // 128-character space can take up a lot of space in the ranges array if,
+  // for example, we only want to match every second character (eg. the lower
+  // case characters on some Unicode pages).
+  int binary_chop_index = (end_index + start_index) / 2;
+  // The first test ensures that we get to the code that handles the Latin1
+  // range with a single not-taken branch, speeding up this important
+  // character range (even non-Latin1 charset-based text has spaces and
+  // punctuation).
+  if (*border - 1 > String::kMaxOneByteCharCode &&  // Latin1 case.
+      end_index - start_index > (*new_start_index - start_index) * 2 &&
+      last - first > kSize * 2 && binary_chop_index > *new_start_index &&
+      ranges->at(binary_chop_index) >= first + 2 * kSize) {
+    int scan_forward_for_section_border = binary_chop_index;
+    int new_border = (ranges->at(binary_chop_index) | kMask) + 1;
+
+    while (scan_forward_for_section_border < end_index) {
+      if (ranges->at(scan_forward_for_section_border) > new_border) {
+        *new_start_index = scan_forward_for_section_border;
+        *border = new_border;
+        break;
+      }
+      scan_forward_for_section_border++;
+    }
+  }
+
+  DCHECK(*new_start_index > start_index);
+  *new_end_index = *new_start_index - 1;
+  if (ranges->at(*new_end_index) == *border) {
+    (*new_end_index)--;
+  }
+  if (*border >= ranges->at(end_index)) {
+    *border = ranges->at(end_index);
+    *new_start_index = end_index;  // Won't be used.
+    *new_end_index = end_index - 1;
+  }
+}
+
+// Gets a series of segment boundaries representing a character class.  If the
+// character is in the range between an even and an odd boundary (counting from
+// start_index) then go to even_label, otherwise go to odd_label.  We already
+// know that the character is in the range of min_char to max_char inclusive.
+// Either label can be nullptr indicating backtracking.  Either label can also
+// be equal to the fall_through label.
+static void GenerateBranches(RegExpMacroAssembler* masm, ZoneList<int>* ranges,
+                             int start_index, int end_index, uc32 min_char,
+                             uc32 max_char, Label* fall_through,
+                             Label* even_label, Label* odd_label) {
+  DCHECK_LE(min_char, String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit);
+  DCHECK_LE(max_char, String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit);
+
+  int first = ranges->at(start_index);
+  int last = ranges->at(end_index) - 1;
+
+  DCHECK_LT(min_char, first);
+
+  // Just need to test if the character is before or on-or-after
+  // a particular character.
+  if (start_index == end_index) {
+    EmitBoundaryTest(masm, first, fall_through, even_label, odd_label);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Another almost trivial case:  There is one interval in the middle that is
+  // different from the end intervals.
+  if (start_index + 1 == end_index) {
+    EmitDoubleBoundaryTest(masm, first, last, fall_through, even_label,
+                           odd_label);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // It's not worth using table lookup if there are very few intervals in the
+  // character class.
+  if (end_index - start_index <= 6) {
+    // It is faster to test for individual characters, so we look for those
+    // first, then try arbitrary ranges in the second round.
+    static int kNoCutIndex = -1;
+    int cut = kNoCutIndex;
+    for (int i = start_index; i < end_index; i++) {
+      if (ranges->at(i) == ranges->at(i + 1) - 1) {
+        cut = i;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (cut == kNoCutIndex) cut = start_index;
+    CutOutRange(masm, ranges, start_index, end_index, cut, even_label,
+                odd_label);
+    DCHECK_GE(end_index - start_index, 2);
+    GenerateBranches(masm, ranges, start_index + 1, end_index - 1, min_char,
+                     max_char, fall_through, even_label, odd_label);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // If there are a lot of intervals in the regexp, then we will use tables to
+  // determine whether the character is inside or outside the character class.
+  static const int kBits = RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableSizeBits;
+
+  if ((max_char >> kBits) == (min_char >> kBits)) {
+    EmitUseLookupTable(masm, ranges, start_index, end_index, min_char,
+                       fall_through, even_label, odd_label);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if ((min_char >> kBits) != (first >> kBits)) {
+    masm->CheckCharacterLT(first, odd_label);
+    GenerateBranches(masm, ranges, start_index + 1, end_index, first, max_char,
+                     fall_through, odd_label, even_label);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  int new_start_index = 0;
+  int new_end_index = 0;
+  int border = 0;
+
+  SplitSearchSpace(ranges, start_index, end_index, &new_start_index,
+                   &new_end_index, &border);
+
+  Label handle_rest;
+  Label* above = &handle_rest;
+  if (border == last + 1) {
+    // We didn't find any section that started after the limit, so everything
+    // above the border is one of the terminal labels.
+    above = (end_index & 1) != (start_index & 1) ? odd_label : even_label;
+    DCHECK(new_end_index == end_index - 1);
+  }
+
+  DCHECK_LE(start_index, new_end_index);
+  DCHECK_LE(new_start_index, end_index);
+  DCHECK_LT(start_index, new_start_index);
+  DCHECK_LT(new_end_index, end_index);
+  DCHECK(new_end_index + 1 == new_start_index ||
+         (new_end_index + 2 == new_start_index &&
+          border == ranges->at(new_end_index + 1)));
+  DCHECK_LT(min_char, border - 1);
+  DCHECK_LT(border, max_char);
+  DCHECK_LT(ranges->at(new_end_index), border);
+  DCHECK(border < ranges->at(new_start_index) ||
+         (border == ranges->at(new_start_index) &&
+          new_start_index == end_index && new_end_index == end_index - 1 &&
+          border == last + 1));
+  DCHECK(new_start_index == 0 || border >= ranges->at(new_start_index - 1));
+
+  masm->CheckCharacterGT(border - 1, above);
+  Label dummy;
+  GenerateBranches(masm, ranges, start_index, new_end_index, min_char,
+                   border - 1, &dummy, even_label, odd_label);
+  if (handle_rest.is_linked()) {
+    masm->Bind(&handle_rest);
+    bool flip = (new_start_index & 1) != (start_index & 1);
+    GenerateBranches(masm, ranges, new_start_index, end_index, border, max_char,
+                     &dummy, flip ? odd_label : even_label,
+                     flip ? even_label : odd_label);
+  }
+}
+
+static void EmitCharClass(RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler,
+                          RegExpCharacterClass* cc, bool one_byte,
+                          Label* on_failure, int cp_offset, bool check_offset,
+                          bool preloaded, Zone* zone) {
+  ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges = cc->ranges(zone);
+  CharacterRange::Canonicalize(ranges);
+
+  int max_char;
+  if (one_byte) {
+    max_char = String::kMaxOneByteCharCode;
+  } else {
+    max_char = String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit;
+  }
+
+  int range_count = ranges->length();
+
+  int last_valid_range = range_count - 1;
+  while (last_valid_range >= 0) {
+    CharacterRange& range = ranges->at(last_valid_range);
+    if (range.from() <= max_char) {
+      break;
+    }
+    last_valid_range--;
+  }
+
+  if (last_valid_range < 0) {
+    if (!cc->is_negated()) {
+      macro_assembler->GoTo(on_failure);
+    }
+    if (check_offset) {
+      macro_assembler->CheckPosition(cp_offset, on_failure);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (last_valid_range == 0 && ranges->at(0).IsEverything(max_char)) {
+    if (cc->is_negated()) {
+      macro_assembler->GoTo(on_failure);
+    } else {
+      // This is a common case hit by non-anchored expressions.
+      if (check_offset) {
+        macro_assembler->CheckPosition(cp_offset, on_failure);
+      }
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!preloaded) {
+    macro_assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(cp_offset, on_failure, check_offset);
+  }
+
+  if (cc->is_standard(zone) && macro_assembler->CheckSpecialCharacterClass(
+                                   cc->standard_type(), on_failure)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // A new list with ascending entries.  Each entry is a code unit
+  // where there is a boundary between code units that are part of
+  // the class and code units that are not.  Normally we insert an
+  // entry at zero which goes to the failure label, but if there
+  // was already one there we fall through for success on that entry.
+  // Subsequent entries have alternating meaning (success/failure).
+  ZoneList<int>* range_boundaries =
+      new (zone) ZoneList<int>(last_valid_range, zone);
+
+  bool zeroth_entry_is_failure = !cc->is_negated();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i <= last_valid_range; i++) {
+    CharacterRange& range = ranges->at(i);
+    if (range.from() == 0) {
+      DCHECK_EQ(i, 0);
+      zeroth_entry_is_failure = !zeroth_entry_is_failure;
+    } else {
+      range_boundaries->Add(range.from(), zone);
+    }
+    range_boundaries->Add(range.to() + 1, zone);
+  }
+  int end_index = range_boundaries->length() - 1;
+  if (range_boundaries->at(end_index) > max_char) {
+    end_index--;
+  }
+
+  Label fall_through;
+  GenerateBranches(macro_assembler, range_boundaries,
+                   0,  // start_index.
+                   end_index,
+                   0,  // min_char.
+                   max_char, &fall_through,
+                   zeroth_entry_is_failure ? &fall_through : on_failure,
+                   zeroth_entry_is_failure ? on_failure : &fall_through);
+  macro_assembler->Bind(&fall_through);
+}
+
+RegExpNode::~RegExpNode() = default;
+
+RegExpNode::LimitResult RegExpNode::LimitVersions(RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                                  Trace* trace) {
+  // If we are generating a greedy loop then don't stop and don't reuse code.
+  if (trace->stop_node() != nullptr) {
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  if (trace->is_trivial()) {
+    if (label_.is_bound() || on_work_list() || !KeepRecursing(compiler)) {
+      // If a generic version is already scheduled to be generated or we have
+      // recursed too deeply then just generate a jump to that code.
+      macro_assembler->GoTo(&label_);
+      // This will queue it up for generation of a generic version if it hasn't
+      // already been queued.
+      compiler->AddWork(this);
+      return DONE;
+    }
+    // Generate generic version of the node and bind the label for later use.
+    macro_assembler->Bind(&label_);
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+
+  // We are being asked to make a non-generic version.  Keep track of how many
+  // non-generic versions we generate so as not to overdo it.
+  trace_count_++;
+  if (KeepRecursing(compiler) && compiler->optimize() &&
+      trace_count_ < kMaxCopiesCodeGenerated) {
+    return CONTINUE;
+  }
+
+  // If we get here code has been generated for this node too many times or
+  // recursion is too deep.  Time to switch to a generic version.  The code for
+  // generic versions above can handle deep recursion properly.
+  bool was_limiting = compiler->limiting_recursion();
+  compiler->set_limiting_recursion(true);
+  trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+  compiler->set_limiting_recursion(was_limiting);
+  return DONE;
+}
+
+bool RegExpNode::KeepRecursing(RegExpCompiler* compiler) {
+  return !compiler->limiting_recursion() &&
+         compiler->recursion_depth() <= RegExpCompiler::kMaxRecursion;
+}
+
+void ActionNode::FillInBMInfo(Isolate* isolate, int offset, int budget,
+                              BoyerMooreLookahead* bm, bool not_at_start) {
+  if (action_type_ == POSITIVE_SUBMATCH_SUCCESS) {
+    // Anything may follow a positive submatch success, thus we need to accept
+    // all characters from this position onwards.
+    bm->SetRest(offset);
+  } else {
+    on_success()->FillInBMInfo(isolate, offset, budget - 1, bm, not_at_start);
+  }
+  SaveBMInfo(bm, not_at_start, offset);
+}
+
+void ActionNode::GetQuickCheckDetails(QuickCheckDetails* details,
+                                      RegExpCompiler* compiler, int filled_in,
+                                      bool not_at_start) {
+  if (action_type_ == SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP) {
+    on_success()->GetQuickCheckDetailsFromLoopEntry(details, compiler,
+                                                    filled_in, not_at_start);
+  } else {
+    on_success()->GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, filled_in,
+                                       not_at_start);
+  }
+}
+
+void AssertionNode::FillInBMInfo(Isolate* isolate, int offset, int budget,
+                                 BoyerMooreLookahead* bm, bool not_at_start) {
+  // Match the behaviour of EatsAtLeast on this node.
+  if (assertion_type() == AT_START && not_at_start) return;
+  on_success()->FillInBMInfo(isolate, offset, budget - 1, bm, not_at_start);
+  SaveBMInfo(bm, not_at_start, offset);
+}
+
+void NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode::GetQuickCheckDetails(
+    QuickCheckDetails* details, RegExpCompiler* compiler, int filled_in,
+    bool not_at_start) {
+  RegExpNode* node = continue_node();
+  return node->GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, filled_in, not_at_start);
+}
+
+// Takes the left-most 1-bit and smears it out, setting all bits to its right.
+static inline uint32_t SmearBitsRight(uint32_t v) {
+  v |= v >> 1;
+  v |= v >> 2;
+  v |= v >> 4;
+  v |= v >> 8;
+  v |= v >> 16;
+  return v;
+}
+
+bool QuickCheckDetails::Rationalize(bool asc) {
+  bool found_useful_op = false;
+  uint32_t char_mask;
+  if (asc) {
+    char_mask = String::kMaxOneByteCharCode;
+  } else {
+    char_mask = String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit;
+  }
+  mask_ = 0;
+  value_ = 0;
+  int char_shift = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < characters_; i++) {
+    Position* pos = &positions_[i];
+    if ((pos->mask & String::kMaxOneByteCharCode) != 0) {
+      found_useful_op = true;
+    }
+    mask_ |= (pos->mask & char_mask) << char_shift;
+    value_ |= (pos->value & char_mask) << char_shift;
+    char_shift += asc ? 8 : 16;
+  }
+  return found_useful_op;
+}
+
+int RegExpNode::EatsAtLeast(bool not_at_start) {
+  return not_at_start ? eats_at_least_.eats_at_least_from_not_start
+                      : eats_at_least_.eats_at_least_from_possibly_start;
+}
+
+EatsAtLeastInfo RegExpNode::EatsAtLeastFromLoopEntry() {
+  // SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP is only used to initialize loop counters, and it
+  // implies that the following node must be a LoopChoiceNode. If we need to
+  // set registers to constant values for other reasons, we could introduce a
+  // new action type SET_REGISTER that doesn't imply anything about its
+  // successor.
+  UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+void RegExpNode::GetQuickCheckDetailsFromLoopEntry(QuickCheckDetails* details,
+                                                   RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                                   int characters_filled_in,
+                                                   bool not_at_start) {
+  // See comment in RegExpNode::EatsAtLeastFromLoopEntry.
+  UNREACHABLE();
+}
+
+EatsAtLeastInfo LoopChoiceNode::EatsAtLeastFromLoopEntry() {
+  DCHECK_EQ(alternatives_->length(), 2);  // There's just loop and continue.
+
+  if (read_backward()) {
+    // Can't do anything special for a backward loop, so return the basic values
+    // that we got during analysis.
+    return *eats_at_least_info();
+  }
+
+  // Figure out how much the loop body itself eats, not including anything in
+  // the continuation case. In general, the nodes in the loop body should report
+  // that they eat at least the number eaten by the continuation node, since any
+  // successful match in the loop body must also include the continuation node.
+  // However, in some cases involving positive lookaround, the loop body under-
+  // reports its appetite, so use saturated math here to avoid negative numbers.
+  uint8_t loop_body_from_not_start = base::saturated_cast<uint8_t>(
+      loop_node_->EatsAtLeast(true) - continue_node_->EatsAtLeast(true));
+  uint8_t loop_body_from_possibly_start = base::saturated_cast<uint8_t>(
+      loop_node_->EatsAtLeast(false) - continue_node_->EatsAtLeast(true));
+
+  // Limit the number of loop iterations to avoid overflow in subsequent steps.
+  int loop_iterations = base::saturated_cast<uint8_t>(min_loop_iterations());
+
+  EatsAtLeastInfo result;
+  result.eats_at_least_from_not_start =
+      base::saturated_cast<uint8_t>(loop_iterations * loop_body_from_not_start +
+                                    continue_node_->EatsAtLeast(true));
+  if (loop_iterations > 0 && loop_body_from_possibly_start > 0) {
+    // First loop iteration eats at least one, so all subsequent iterations
+    // and the after-loop chunk are guaranteed to not be at the start.
+    result.eats_at_least_from_possibly_start = base::saturated_cast<uint8_t>(
+        loop_body_from_possibly_start +
+        (loop_iterations - 1) * loop_body_from_not_start +
+        continue_node_->EatsAtLeast(true));
+  } else {
+    // Loop body might eat nothing, so only continue node contributes.
+    result.eats_at_least_from_possibly_start =
+        continue_node_->EatsAtLeast(false);
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+bool RegExpNode::EmitQuickCheck(RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                Trace* bounds_check_trace, Trace* trace,
+                                bool preload_has_checked_bounds,
+                                Label* on_possible_success,
+                                QuickCheckDetails* details,
+                                bool fall_through_on_failure,
+                                ChoiceNode* predecessor) {
+  DCHECK_NOT_NULL(predecessor);
+  if (details->characters() == 0) return false;
+  GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, 0,
+                       trace->at_start() == Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+  if (details->cannot_match()) return false;
+  if (!details->Rationalize(compiler->one_byte())) return false;
+  DCHECK(details->characters() == 1 ||
+         compiler->macro_assembler()->CanReadUnaligned());
+  uint32_t mask = details->mask();
+  uint32_t value = details->value();
+
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+
+  if (trace->characters_preloaded() != details->characters()) {
+    DCHECK(trace->cp_offset() == bounds_check_trace->cp_offset());
+    // The bounds check is performed using the minimum number of characters
+    // any choice would eat, so if the bounds check fails, then none of the
+    // choices can succeed, so we can just immediately backtrack, rather
+    // than go to the next choice. The number of characters preloaded may be
+    // less than the number used for the bounds check.
+    int eats_at_least = predecessor->EatsAtLeast(
+        bounds_check_trace->at_start() == Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+    DCHECK_GE(eats_at_least, details->characters());
+    assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(
+        trace->cp_offset(), bounds_check_trace->backtrack(),
+        !preload_has_checked_bounds, details->characters(), eats_at_least);
+  }
+
+  bool need_mask = true;
+
+  if (details->characters() == 1) {
+    // If number of characters preloaded is 1 then we used a byte or 16 bit
+    // load so the value is already masked down.
+    uint32_t char_mask;
+    if (compiler->one_byte()) {
+      char_mask = String::kMaxOneByteCharCode;
+    } else {
+      char_mask = String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit;
+    }
+    if ((mask & char_mask) == char_mask) need_mask = false;
+    mask &= char_mask;
+  } else {
+    // For 2-character preloads in one-byte mode or 1-character preloads in
+    // two-byte mode we also use a 16 bit load with zero extend.
+    static const uint32_t kTwoByteMask = 0xFFFF;
+    static const uint32_t kFourByteMask = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+    if (details->characters() == 2 && compiler->one_byte()) {
+      if ((mask & kTwoByteMask) == kTwoByteMask) need_mask = false;
+    } else if (details->characters() == 1 && !compiler->one_byte()) {
+      if ((mask & kTwoByteMask) == kTwoByteMask) need_mask = false;
+    } else {
+      if (mask == kFourByteMask) need_mask = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (fall_through_on_failure) {
+    if (need_mask) {
+      assembler->CheckCharacterAfterAnd(value, mask, on_possible_success);
+    } else {
+      assembler->CheckCharacter(value, on_possible_success);
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (need_mask) {
+      assembler->CheckNotCharacterAfterAnd(value, mask, trace->backtrack());
+    } else {
+      assembler->CheckNotCharacter(value, trace->backtrack());
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Here is the meat of GetQuickCheckDetails (see also the comment on the
+// super-class in the .h file).
+//
+// We iterate along the text object, building up for each character a
+// mask and value that can be used to test for a quick failure to match.
+// The masks and values for the positions will be combined into a single
+// machine word for the current character width in order to be used in
+// generating a quick check.
+void TextNode::GetQuickCheckDetails(QuickCheckDetails* details,
+                                    RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                    int characters_filled_in,
+                                    bool not_at_start) {
+  // Do not collect any quick check details if the text node reads backward,
+  // since it reads in the opposite direction than we use for quick checks.
+  if (read_backward()) return;
+  Isolate* isolate = compiler->macro_assembler()->isolate();
+  DCHECK(characters_filled_in < details->characters());
+  int characters = details->characters();
+  int char_mask;
+  if (compiler->one_byte()) {
+    char_mask = String::kMaxOneByteCharCode;
+  } else {
+    char_mask = String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit;
+  }
+  for (int k = 0; k < elements()->length(); k++) {
+    TextElement elm = elements()->at(k);
+    if (elm.text_type() == TextElement::ATOM) {
+      Vector<const uc16> quarks = elm.atom()->data();
+      for (int i = 0; i < characters && i < quarks.length(); i++) {
+        QuickCheckDetails::Position* pos =
+            details->positions(characters_filled_in);
+        uc16 c = quarks[i];
+        if (elm.atom()->ignore_case()) {
+          unibrow::uchar chars[4];
+          int length = GetCaseIndependentLetters(
+              isolate, c, compiler->one_byte(), chars, 4);
+          if (length == 0) {
+            // This can happen because all case variants are non-Latin1, but we
+            // know the input is Latin1.
+            details->set_cannot_match();
+            pos->determines_perfectly = false;
+            return;
+          }
+          if (length == 1) {
+            // This letter has no case equivalents, so it's nice and simple
+            // and the mask-compare will determine definitely whether we have
+            // a match at this character position.
+            pos->mask = char_mask;
+            pos->value = chars[0];
+            pos->determines_perfectly = true;
+          } else {
+            uint32_t common_bits = char_mask;
+            uint32_t bits = chars[0];
+            for (int j = 1; j < length; j++) {
+              uint32_t differing_bits = ((chars[j] & common_bits) ^ bits);
+              common_bits ^= differing_bits;
+              bits &= common_bits;
+            }
+            // If length is 2 and common bits has only one zero in it then
+            // our mask and compare instruction will determine definitely
+            // whether we have a match at this character position.  Otherwise
+            // it can only be an approximate check.
+            uint32_t one_zero = (common_bits | ~char_mask);
+            if (length == 2 && ((~one_zero) & ((~one_zero) - 1)) == 0) {
+              pos->determines_perfectly = true;
+            }
+            pos->mask = common_bits;
+            pos->value = bits;
+          }
+        } else {
+          // Don't ignore case.  Nice simple case where the mask-compare will
+          // determine definitely whether we have a match at this character
+          // position.
+          if (c > char_mask) {
+            details->set_cannot_match();
+            pos->determines_perfectly = false;
+            return;
+          }
+          pos->mask = char_mask;
+          pos->value = c;
+          pos->determines_perfectly = true;
+        }
+        characters_filled_in++;
+        DCHECK(characters_filled_in <= details->characters());
+        if (characters_filled_in == details->characters()) {
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      QuickCheckDetails::Position* pos =
+          details->positions(characters_filled_in);
+      RegExpCharacterClass* tree = elm.char_class();
+      ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges = tree->ranges(zone());
+      DCHECK(!ranges->is_empty());
+      if (tree->is_negated()) {
+        // A quick check uses multi-character mask and compare.  There is no
+        // useful way to incorporate a negative char class into this scheme
+        // so we just conservatively create a mask and value that will always
+        // succeed.
+        pos->mask = 0;
+        pos->value = 0;
+      } else {
+        int first_range = 0;
+        while (ranges->at(first_range).from() > char_mask) {
+          first_range++;
+          if (first_range == ranges->length()) {
+            details->set_cannot_match();
+            pos->determines_perfectly = false;
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        CharacterRange range = ranges->at(first_range);
+        uc16 from = range.from();
+        uc16 to = range.to();
+        if (to > char_mask) {
+          to = char_mask;
+        }
+        uint32_t differing_bits = (from ^ to);
+        // A mask and compare is only perfect if the differing bits form a
+        // number like 00011111 with one single block of trailing 1s.
+        if ((differing_bits & (differing_bits + 1)) == 0 &&
+            from + differing_bits == to) {
+          pos->determines_perfectly = true;
+        }
+        uint32_t common_bits = ~SmearBitsRight(differing_bits);
+        uint32_t bits = (from & common_bits);
+        for (int i = first_range + 1; i < ranges->length(); i++) {
+          CharacterRange range = ranges->at(i);
+          uc16 from = range.from();
+          uc16 to = range.to();
+          if (from > char_mask) continue;
+          if (to > char_mask) to = char_mask;
+          // Here we are combining more ranges into the mask and compare
+          // value.  With each new range the mask becomes more sparse and
+          // so the chances of a false positive rise.  A character class
+          // with multiple ranges is assumed never to be equivalent to a
+          // mask and compare operation.
+          pos->determines_perfectly = false;
+          uint32_t new_common_bits = (from ^ to);
+          new_common_bits = ~SmearBitsRight(new_common_bits);
+          common_bits &= new_common_bits;
+          bits &= new_common_bits;
+          uint32_t differing_bits = (from & common_bits) ^ bits;
+          common_bits ^= differing_bits;
+          bits &= common_bits;
+        }
+        pos->mask = common_bits;
+        pos->value = bits;
+      }
+      characters_filled_in++;
+      DCHECK(characters_filled_in <= details->characters());
+      if (characters_filled_in == details->characters()) {
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  DCHECK(characters_filled_in != details->characters());
+  if (!details->cannot_match()) {
+    on_success()->GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, characters_filled_in,
+                                       true);
+  }
+}
+
+void QuickCheckDetails::Clear() {
+  for (int i = 0; i < characters_; i++) {
+    positions_[i].mask = 0;
+    positions_[i].value = 0;
+    positions_[i].determines_perfectly = false;
+  }
+  characters_ = 0;
+}
+
+void QuickCheckDetails::Advance(int by, bool one_byte) {
+  if (by >= characters_ || by < 0) {
+    DCHECK_IMPLIES(by < 0, characters_ == 0);
+    Clear();
+    return;
+  }
+  DCHECK_LE(characters_ - by, 4);
+  DCHECK_LE(characters_, 4);
+  for (int i = 0; i < characters_ - by; i++) {
+    positions_[i] = positions_[by + i];
+  }
+  for (int i = characters_ - by; i < characters_; i++) {
+    positions_[i].mask = 0;
+    positions_[i].value = 0;
+    positions_[i].determines_perfectly = false;
+  }
+  characters_ -= by;
+  // We could change mask_ and value_ here but we would never advance unless
+  // they had already been used in a check and they won't be used again because
+  // it would gain us nothing.  So there's no point.
+}
+
+void QuickCheckDetails::Merge(QuickCheckDetails* other, int from_index) {
+  DCHECK(characters_ == other->characters_);
+  if (other->cannot_match_) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (cannot_match_) {
+    *this = *other;
+    return;
+  }
+  for (int i = from_index; i < characters_; i++) {
+    QuickCheckDetails::Position* pos = positions(i);
+    QuickCheckDetails::Position* other_pos = other->positions(i);
+    if (pos->mask != other_pos->mask || pos->value != other_pos->value ||
+        !other_pos->determines_perfectly) {
+      // Our mask-compare operation will be approximate unless we have the
+      // exact same operation on both sides of the alternation.
+      pos->determines_perfectly = false;
+    }
+    pos->mask &= other_pos->mask;
+    pos->value &= pos->mask;
+    other_pos->value &= pos->mask;
+    uc16 differing_bits = (pos->value ^ other_pos->value);
+    pos->mask &= ~differing_bits;
+    pos->value &= pos->mask;
+  }
+}
+
+class VisitMarker {
+ public:
+  explicit VisitMarker(NodeInfo* info) : info_(info) {
+    DCHECK(!info->visited);
+    info->visited = true;
+  }
+  ~VisitMarker() { info_->visited = false; }
+
+ private:
+  NodeInfo* info_;
+};
+
+// Temporarily sets traversed_loop_initialization_node_.
+class LoopInitializationMarker {
+ public:
+  explicit LoopInitializationMarker(LoopChoiceNode* node) : node_(node) {
+    DCHECK(!node_->traversed_loop_initialization_node_);
+    node_->traversed_loop_initialization_node_ = true;
+  }
+  ~LoopInitializationMarker() {
+    DCHECK(node_->traversed_loop_initialization_node_);
+    node_->traversed_loop_initialization_node_ = false;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  LoopChoiceNode* node_;
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(LoopInitializationMarker);
+};
+
+// Temporarily decrements min_loop_iterations_.
+class IterationDecrementer {
+ public:
+  explicit IterationDecrementer(LoopChoiceNode* node) : node_(node) {
+    DCHECK_GT(node_->min_loop_iterations_, 0);
+    --node_->min_loop_iterations_;
+  }
+  ~IterationDecrementer() { ++node_->min_loop_iterations_; }
+
+ private:
+  LoopChoiceNode* node_;
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(IterationDecrementer);
+};
+
+RegExpNode* SeqRegExpNode::FilterOneByte(int depth) {
+  if (info()->replacement_calculated) return replacement();
+  if (depth < 0) return this;
+  DCHECK(!info()->visited);
+  VisitMarker marker(info());
+  return FilterSuccessor(depth - 1);
+}
+
+RegExpNode* SeqRegExpNode::FilterSuccessor(int depth) {
+  RegExpNode* next = on_success_->FilterOneByte(depth - 1);
+  if (next == nullptr) return set_replacement(nullptr);
+  on_success_ = next;
+  return set_replacement(this);
+}
+
+// We need to check for the following characters: 0x39C 0x3BC 0x178.
+bool RangeContainsLatin1Equivalents(CharacterRange range) {
+  // TODO(dcarney): this could be a lot more efficient.
+  return range.Contains(0x039C) || range.Contains(0x03BC) ||
+         range.Contains(0x0178);
+}
+
+static bool RangesContainLatin1Equivalents(ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < ranges->length(); i++) {
+    // TODO(dcarney): this could be a lot more efficient.
+    if (RangeContainsLatin1Equivalents(ranges->at(i))) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+RegExpNode* TextNode::FilterOneByte(int depth) {
+  if (info()->replacement_calculated) return replacement();
+  if (depth < 0) return this;
+  DCHECK(!info()->visited);
+  VisitMarker marker(info());
+  int element_count = elements()->length();
+  for (int i = 0; i < element_count; i++) {
+    TextElement elm = elements()->at(i);
+    if (elm.text_type() == TextElement::ATOM) {
+      Vector<const uc16> quarks = elm.atom()->data();
+      for (int j = 0; j < quarks.length(); j++) {
+        uint16_t c = quarks[j];
+        if (elm.atom()->ignore_case()) {
+          c = unibrow::Latin1::TryConvertToLatin1(c);
+        }
+        if (c > unibrow::Latin1::kMaxChar) return set_replacement(nullptr);
+        // Replace quark in case we converted to Latin-1.
+        uint16_t* writable_quarks = const_cast<uint16_t*>(quarks.begin());
+        writable_quarks[j] = c;
+      }
+    } else {
+      DCHECK(elm.text_type() == TextElement::CHAR_CLASS);
+      RegExpCharacterClass* cc = elm.char_class();
+      ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges = cc->ranges(zone());
+      CharacterRange::Canonicalize(ranges);
+      // Now they are in order so we only need to look at the first.
+      int range_count = ranges->length();
+      if (cc->is_negated()) {
+        if (range_count != 0 && ranges->at(0).from() == 0 &&
+            ranges->at(0).to() >= String::kMaxOneByteCharCode) {
+          // This will be handled in a later filter.
+          if (IgnoreCase(cc->flags()) && RangesContainLatin1Equivalents(ranges))
+            continue;
+          return set_replacement(nullptr);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (range_count == 0 ||
+            ranges->at(0).from() > String::kMaxOneByteCharCode) {
+          // This will be handled in a later filter.
+          if (IgnoreCase(cc->flags()) && RangesContainLatin1Equivalents(ranges))
+            continue;
+          return set_replacement(nullptr);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return FilterSuccessor(depth - 1);
+}
+
+RegExpNode* LoopChoiceNode::FilterOneByte(int depth) {
+  if (info()->replacement_calculated) return replacement();
+  if (depth < 0) return this;
+  if (info()->visited) return this;
+  {
+    VisitMarker marker(info());
+
+    RegExpNode* continue_replacement = continue_node_->FilterOneByte(depth - 1);
+    // If we can't continue after the loop then there is no sense in doing the
+    // loop.
+    if (continue_replacement == nullptr) return set_replacement(nullptr);
+  }
+
+  return ChoiceNode::FilterOneByte(depth - 1);
+}
+
+RegExpNode* ChoiceNode::FilterOneByte(int depth) {
+  if (info()->replacement_calculated) return replacement();
+  if (depth < 0) return this;
+  if (info()->visited) return this;
+  VisitMarker marker(info());
+  int choice_count = alternatives_->length();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < choice_count; i++) {
+    GuardedAlternative alternative = alternatives_->at(i);
+    if (alternative.guards() != nullptr &&
+        alternative.guards()->length() != 0) {
+      set_replacement(this);
+      return this;
+    }
+  }
+
+  int surviving = 0;
+  RegExpNode* survivor = nullptr;
+  for (int i = 0; i < choice_count; i++) {
+    GuardedAlternative alternative = alternatives_->at(i);
+    RegExpNode* replacement = alternative.node()->FilterOneByte(depth - 1);
+    DCHECK(replacement != this);  // No missing EMPTY_MATCH_CHECK.
+    if (replacement != nullptr) {
+      alternatives_->at(i).set_node(replacement);
+      surviving++;
+      survivor = replacement;
+    }
+  }
+  if (surviving < 2) return set_replacement(survivor);
+
+  set_replacement(this);
+  if (surviving == choice_count) {
+    return this;
+  }
+  // Only some of the nodes survived the filtering.  We need to rebuild the
+  // alternatives list.
+  ZoneList<GuardedAlternative>* new_alternatives =
+      new (zone()) ZoneList<GuardedAlternative>(surviving, zone());
+  for (int i = 0; i < choice_count; i++) {
+    RegExpNode* replacement =
+        alternatives_->at(i).node()->FilterOneByte(depth - 1);
+    if (replacement != nullptr) {
+      alternatives_->at(i).set_node(replacement);
+      new_alternatives->Add(alternatives_->at(i), zone());
+    }
+  }
+  alternatives_ = new_alternatives;
+  return this;
+}
+
+RegExpNode* NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode::FilterOneByte(int depth) {
+  if (info()->replacement_calculated) return replacement();
+  if (depth < 0) return this;
+  if (info()->visited) return this;
+  VisitMarker marker(info());
+  // Alternative 0 is the negative lookahead, alternative 1 is what comes
+  // afterwards.
+  RegExpNode* node = continue_node();
+  RegExpNode* replacement = node->FilterOneByte(depth - 1);
+  if (replacement == nullptr) return set_replacement(nullptr);
+  alternatives_->at(kContinueIndex).set_node(replacement);
+
+  RegExpNode* neg_node = lookaround_node();
+  RegExpNode* neg_replacement = neg_node->FilterOneByte(depth - 1);
+  // If the negative lookahead is always going to fail then
+  // we don't need to check it.
+  if (neg_replacement == nullptr) return set_replacement(replacement);
+  alternatives_->at(kLookaroundIndex).set_node(neg_replacement);
+  return set_replacement(this);
+}
+
+void LoopChoiceNode::GetQuickCheckDetails(QuickCheckDetails* details,
+                                          RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                          int characters_filled_in,
+                                          bool not_at_start) {
+  if (body_can_be_zero_length_ || info()->visited) return;
+  not_at_start = not_at_start || this->not_at_start();
+  DCHECK_EQ(alternatives_->length(), 2);  // There's just loop and continue.
+  if (traversed_loop_initialization_node_ && min_loop_iterations_ > 0 &&
+      loop_node_->EatsAtLeast(not_at_start) >
+          continue_node_->EatsAtLeast(true)) {
+    // Loop body is guaranteed to execute at least once, and consume characters
+    // when it does, meaning the only possible quick checks from this point
+    // begin with the loop body. We may recursively visit this LoopChoiceNode,
+    // but we temporarily decrease its minimum iteration counter so we know when
+    // to check the continue case.
+    IterationDecrementer next_iteration(this);
+    loop_node_->GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, characters_filled_in,
+                                     not_at_start);
+  } else {
+    // Might not consume anything in the loop body, so treat it like a normal
+    // ChoiceNode (and don't recursively visit this node again).
+    VisitMarker marker(info());
+    ChoiceNode::GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, characters_filled_in,
+                                     not_at_start);
+  }
+}
+
+void LoopChoiceNode::GetQuickCheckDetailsFromLoopEntry(
+    QuickCheckDetails* details, RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+    int characters_filled_in, bool not_at_start) {
+  if (traversed_loop_initialization_node_) {
+    // We already entered this loop once, exited via its continuation node, and
+    // followed an outer loop's back-edge to before the loop entry point. We
+    // could try to reset the minimum iteration count to its starting value at
+    // this point, but that seems like more trouble than it's worth. It's safe
+    // to keep going with the current (possibly reduced) minimum iteration
+    // count.
+    GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, characters_filled_in, not_at_start);
+  } else {
+    // We are entering a loop via its counter initialization action, meaning we
+    // are guaranteed to run the loop body at least some minimum number of times
+    // before running the continuation node. Set a flag so that this node knows
+    // (now and any times we visit it again recursively) that it was entered
+    // from the top.
+    LoopInitializationMarker marker(this);
+    GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, characters_filled_in, not_at_start);
+  }
+}
+
+void LoopChoiceNode::FillInBMInfo(Isolate* isolate, int offset, int budget,
+                                  BoyerMooreLookahead* bm, bool not_at_start) {
+  if (body_can_be_zero_length_ || budget <= 0) {
+    bm->SetRest(offset);
+    SaveBMInfo(bm, not_at_start, offset);
+    return;
+  }
+  ChoiceNode::FillInBMInfo(isolate, offset, budget - 1, bm, not_at_start);
+  SaveBMInfo(bm, not_at_start, offset);
+}
+
+void ChoiceNode::GetQuickCheckDetails(QuickCheckDetails* details,
+                                      RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                      int characters_filled_in,
+                                      bool not_at_start) {
+  not_at_start = (not_at_start || not_at_start_);
+  int choice_count = alternatives_->length();
+  DCHECK_LT(0, choice_count);
+  alternatives_->at(0).node()->GetQuickCheckDetails(
+      details, compiler, characters_filled_in, not_at_start);
+  for (int i = 1; i < choice_count; i++) {
+    QuickCheckDetails new_details(details->characters());
+    RegExpNode* node = alternatives_->at(i).node();
+    node->GetQuickCheckDetails(&new_details, compiler, characters_filled_in,
+                               not_at_start);
+    // Here we merge the quick match details of the two branches.
+    details->Merge(&new_details, characters_filled_in);
+  }
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+// Check for [0-9A-Z_a-z].
+void EmitWordCheck(RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler, Label* word,
+                   Label* non_word, bool fall_through_on_word) {
+  if (assembler->CheckSpecialCharacterClass(
+          fall_through_on_word ? 'w' : 'W',
+          fall_through_on_word ? non_word : word)) {
+    // Optimized implementation available.
+    return;
+  }
+  assembler->CheckCharacterGT('z', non_word);
+  assembler->CheckCharacterLT('0', non_word);
+  assembler->CheckCharacterGT('a' - 1, word);
+  assembler->CheckCharacterLT('9' + 1, word);
+  assembler->CheckCharacterLT('A', non_word);
+  assembler->CheckCharacterLT('Z' + 1, word);
+  if (fall_through_on_word) {
+    assembler->CheckNotCharacter('_', non_word);
+  } else {
+    assembler->CheckCharacter('_', word);
+  }
+}
+
+// Emit the code to check for a ^ in multiline mode (1-character lookbehind
+// that matches newline or the start of input).
+void EmitHat(RegExpCompiler* compiler, RegExpNode* on_success, Trace* trace) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+
+  // We will load the previous character into the current character register.
+  Trace new_trace(*trace);
+  new_trace.InvalidateCurrentCharacter();
+
+  // A positive (> 0) cp_offset means we've already successfully matched a
+  // non-empty-width part of the pattern, and thus cannot be at or before the
+  // start of the subject string. We can thus skip both at-start and
+  // bounds-checks when loading the one-character lookbehind.
+  const bool may_be_at_or_before_subject_string_start =
+      new_trace.cp_offset() <= 0;
+
+  Label ok;
+  if (may_be_at_or_before_subject_string_start) {
+    // The start of input counts as a newline in this context, so skip to ok if
+    // we are at the start.
+    assembler->CheckAtStart(new_trace.cp_offset(), &ok);
+  }
+
+  // If we've already checked that we are not at the start of input, it's okay
+  // to load the previous character without bounds checks.
+  const bool can_skip_bounds_check = !may_be_at_or_before_subject_string_start;
+  assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(new_trace.cp_offset() - 1,
+                                  new_trace.backtrack(), can_skip_bounds_check);
+  if (!assembler->CheckSpecialCharacterClass('n', new_trace.backtrack())) {
+    // Newline means \n, \r, 0x2028 or 0x2029.
+    if (!compiler->one_byte()) {
+      assembler->CheckCharacterAfterAnd(0x2028, 0xFFFE, &ok);
+    }
+    assembler->CheckCharacter('\n', &ok);
+    assembler->CheckNotCharacter('\r', new_trace.backtrack());
+  }
+  assembler->Bind(&ok);
+  on_success->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// Emit the code to handle \b and \B (word-boundary or non-word-boundary).
+void AssertionNode::EmitBoundaryCheck(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  Isolate* isolate = assembler->isolate();
+  Trace::TriBool next_is_word_character = Trace::UNKNOWN;
+  bool not_at_start = (trace->at_start() == Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+  BoyerMooreLookahead* lookahead = bm_info(not_at_start);
+  if (lookahead == nullptr) {
+    int eats_at_least =
+        Min(kMaxLookaheadForBoyerMoore, EatsAtLeast(not_at_start));
+    if (eats_at_least >= 1) {
+      BoyerMooreLookahead* bm =
+          new (zone()) BoyerMooreLookahead(eats_at_least, compiler, zone());
+      FillInBMInfo(isolate, 0, kRecursionBudget, bm, not_at_start);
+      if (bm->at(0)->is_non_word()) next_is_word_character = Trace::FALSE_VALUE;
+      if (bm->at(0)->is_word()) next_is_word_character = Trace::TRUE_VALUE;
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (lookahead->at(0)->is_non_word())
+      next_is_word_character = Trace::FALSE_VALUE;
+    if (lookahead->at(0)->is_word()) next_is_word_character = Trace::TRUE_VALUE;
+  }
+  bool at_boundary = (assertion_type_ == AssertionNode::AT_BOUNDARY);
+  if (next_is_word_character == Trace::UNKNOWN) {
+    Label before_non_word;
+    Label before_word;
+    if (trace->characters_preloaded() != 1) {
+      assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(trace->cp_offset(), &before_non_word);
+    }
+    // Fall through on non-word.
+    EmitWordCheck(assembler, &before_word, &before_non_word, false);
+    // Next character is not a word character.
+    assembler->Bind(&before_non_word);
+    Label ok;
+    BacktrackIfPrevious(compiler, trace, at_boundary ? kIsNonWord : kIsWord);
+    assembler->GoTo(&ok);
+
+    assembler->Bind(&before_word);
+    BacktrackIfPrevious(compiler, trace, at_boundary ? kIsWord : kIsNonWord);
+    assembler->Bind(&ok);
+  } else if (next_is_word_character == Trace::TRUE_VALUE) {
+    BacktrackIfPrevious(compiler, trace, at_boundary ? kIsWord : kIsNonWord);
+  } else {
+    DCHECK(next_is_word_character == Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+    BacktrackIfPrevious(compiler, trace, at_boundary ? kIsNonWord : kIsWord);
+  }
+}
+
+void AssertionNode::BacktrackIfPrevious(
+    RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace,
+    AssertionNode::IfPrevious backtrack_if_previous) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  Trace new_trace(*trace);
+  new_trace.InvalidateCurrentCharacter();
+
+  Label fall_through;
+  Label* non_word = backtrack_if_previous == kIsNonWord ? new_trace.backtrack()
+                                                        : &fall_through;
+  Label* word = backtrack_if_previous == kIsNonWord ? &fall_through
+                                                    : new_trace.backtrack();
+
+  // A positive (> 0) cp_offset means we've already successfully matched a
+  // non-empty-width part of the pattern, and thus cannot be at or before the
+  // start of the subject string. We can thus skip both at-start and
+  // bounds-checks when loading the one-character lookbehind.
+  const bool may_be_at_or_before_subject_string_start =
+      new_trace.cp_offset() <= 0;
+
+  if (may_be_at_or_before_subject_string_start) {
+    // The start of input counts as a non-word character, so the question is
+    // decided if we are at the start.
+    assembler->CheckAtStart(new_trace.cp_offset(), non_word);
+  }
+
+  // If we've already checked that we are not at the start of input, it's okay
+  // to load the previous character without bounds checks.
+  const bool can_skip_bounds_check = !may_be_at_or_before_subject_string_start;
+  assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(new_trace.cp_offset() - 1, non_word,
+                                  can_skip_bounds_check);
+  EmitWordCheck(assembler, word, non_word, backtrack_if_previous == kIsNonWord);
+
+  assembler->Bind(&fall_through);
+  on_success()->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+}
+
+void AssertionNode::GetQuickCheckDetails(QuickCheckDetails* details,
+                                         RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                         int filled_in, bool not_at_start) {
+  if (assertion_type_ == AT_START && not_at_start) {
+    details->set_cannot_match();
+    return;
+  }
+  return on_success()->GetQuickCheckDetails(details, compiler, filled_in,
+                                            not_at_start);
+}
+
+void AssertionNode::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  switch (assertion_type_) {
+    case AT_END: {
+      Label ok;
+      assembler->CheckPosition(trace->cp_offset(), &ok);
+      assembler->GoTo(trace->backtrack());
+      assembler->Bind(&ok);
+      break;
+    }
+    case AT_START: {
+      if (trace->at_start() == Trace::FALSE_VALUE) {
+        assembler->GoTo(trace->backtrack());
+        return;
+      }
+      if (trace->at_start() == Trace::UNKNOWN) {
+        assembler->CheckNotAtStart(trace->cp_offset(), trace->backtrack());
+        Trace at_start_trace = *trace;
+        at_start_trace.set_at_start(Trace::TRUE_VALUE);
+        on_success()->Emit(compiler, &at_start_trace);
+        return;
+      }
+    } break;
+    case AFTER_NEWLINE:
+      EmitHat(compiler, on_success(), trace);
+      return;
+    case AT_BOUNDARY:
+    case AT_NON_BOUNDARY: {
+      EmitBoundaryCheck(compiler, trace);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  on_success()->Emit(compiler, trace);
+}
+
+static bool DeterminedAlready(QuickCheckDetails* quick_check, int offset) {
+  if (quick_check == nullptr) return false;
+  if (offset >= quick_check->characters()) return false;
+  return quick_check->positions(offset)->determines_perfectly;
+}
+
+static void UpdateBoundsCheck(int index, int* checked_up_to) {
+  if (index > *checked_up_to) {
+    *checked_up_to = index;
+  }
+}
+
+// We call this repeatedly to generate code for each pass over the text node.
+// The passes are in increasing order of difficulty because we hope one
+// of the first passes will fail in which case we are saved the work of the
+// later passes.  for example for the case independent regexp /%[asdfghjkl]a/
+// we will check the '%' in the first pass, the case independent 'a' in the
+// second pass and the character class in the last pass.
+//
+// The passes are done from right to left, so for example to test for /bar/
+// we will first test for an 'r' with offset 2, then an 'a' with offset 1
+// and then a 'b' with offset 0.  This means we can avoid the end-of-input
+// bounds check most of the time.  In the example we only need to check for
+// end-of-input when loading the putative 'r'.
+//
+// A slight complication involves the fact that the first character may already
+// be fetched into a register by the previous node.  In this case we want to
+// do the test for that character first.  We do this in separate passes.  The
+// 'preloaded' argument indicates that we are doing such a 'pass'.  If such a
+// pass has been performed then subsequent passes will have true in
+// first_element_checked to indicate that that character does not need to be
+// checked again.
+//
+// In addition to all this we are passed a Trace, which can
+// contain an AlternativeGeneration object.  In this AlternativeGeneration
+// object we can see details of any quick check that was already passed in
+// order to get to the code we are now generating.  The quick check can involve
+// loading characters, which means we do not need to recheck the bounds
+// up to the limit the quick check already checked.  In addition the quick
+// check can have involved a mask and compare operation which may simplify
+// or obviate the need for further checks at some character positions.
+void TextNode::TextEmitPass(RegExpCompiler* compiler, TextEmitPassType pass,
+                            bool preloaded, Trace* trace,
+                            bool first_element_checked, int* checked_up_to) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  Isolate* isolate = assembler->isolate();
+  bool one_byte = compiler->one_byte();
+  Label* backtrack = trace->backtrack();
+  QuickCheckDetails* quick_check = trace->quick_check_performed();
+  int element_count = elements()->length();
+  int backward_offset = read_backward() ? -Length() : 0;
+  for (int i = preloaded ? 0 : element_count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    TextElement elm = elements()->at(i);
+    int cp_offset = trace->cp_offset() + elm.cp_offset() + backward_offset;
+    if (elm.text_type() == TextElement::ATOM) {
+      if (SkipPass(pass, elm.atom()->ignore_case())) continue;
+      Vector<const uc16> quarks = elm.atom()->data();
+      for (int j = preloaded ? 0 : quarks.length() - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+        if (first_element_checked && i == 0 && j == 0) continue;
+        if (DeterminedAlready(quick_check, elm.cp_offset() + j)) continue;
+        EmitCharacterFunction* emit_function = nullptr;
+        uc16 quark = quarks[j];
+        if (elm.atom()->ignore_case()) {
+          // Everywhere else we assume that a non-Latin-1 character cannot match
+          // a Latin-1 character. Avoid the cases where this is assumption is
+          // invalid by using the Latin1 equivalent instead.
+          quark = unibrow::Latin1::TryConvertToLatin1(quark);
+        }
+        switch (pass) {
+          case NON_LATIN1_MATCH:
+            DCHECK(one_byte);
+            if (quark > String::kMaxOneByteCharCode) {
+              assembler->GoTo(backtrack);
+              return;
+            }
+            break;
+          case NON_LETTER_CHARACTER_MATCH:
+            emit_function = &EmitAtomNonLetter;
+            break;
+          case SIMPLE_CHARACTER_MATCH:
+            emit_function = &EmitSimpleCharacter;
+            break;
+          case CASE_CHARACTER_MATCH:
+            emit_function = &EmitAtomLetter;
+            break;
+          default:
+            break;
+        }
+        if (emit_function != nullptr) {
+          bool bounds_check = *checked_up_to < cp_offset + j || read_backward();
+          bool bound_checked =
+              emit_function(isolate, compiler, quark, backtrack, cp_offset + j,
+                            bounds_check, preloaded);
+          if (bound_checked) UpdateBoundsCheck(cp_offset + j, checked_up_to);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      DCHECK_EQ(TextElement::CHAR_CLASS, elm.text_type());
+      if (pass == CHARACTER_CLASS_MATCH) {
+        if (first_element_checked && i == 0) continue;
+        if (DeterminedAlready(quick_check, elm.cp_offset())) continue;
+        RegExpCharacterClass* cc = elm.char_class();
+        bool bounds_check = *checked_up_to < cp_offset || read_backward();
+        EmitCharClass(assembler, cc, one_byte, backtrack, cp_offset,
+                      bounds_check, preloaded, zone());
+        UpdateBoundsCheck(cp_offset, checked_up_to);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+int TextNode::Length() {
+  TextElement elm = elements()->last();
+  DCHECK_LE(0, elm.cp_offset());
+  return elm.cp_offset() + elm.length();
+}
+
+bool TextNode::SkipPass(TextEmitPassType pass, bool ignore_case) {
+  if (ignore_case) {
+    return pass == SIMPLE_CHARACTER_MATCH;
+  } else {
+    return pass == NON_LETTER_CHARACTER_MATCH || pass == CASE_CHARACTER_MATCH;
+  }
+}
+
+TextNode* TextNode::CreateForCharacterRanges(Zone* zone,
+                                             ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges,
+                                             bool read_backward,
+                                             RegExpNode* on_success,
+                                             JSRegExp::Flags flags) {
+  DCHECK_NOT_NULL(ranges);
+  ZoneList<TextElement>* elms = new (zone) ZoneList<TextElement>(1, zone);
+  elms->Add(TextElement::CharClass(
+                new (zone) RegExpCharacterClass(zone, ranges, flags)),
+            zone);
+  return new (zone) TextNode(elms, read_backward, on_success);
+}
+
+TextNode* TextNode::CreateForSurrogatePair(Zone* zone, CharacterRange lead,
+                                           CharacterRange trail,
+                                           bool read_backward,
+                                           RegExpNode* on_success,
+                                           JSRegExp::Flags flags) {
+  ZoneList<CharacterRange>* lead_ranges = CharacterRange::List(zone, lead);
+  ZoneList<CharacterRange>* trail_ranges = CharacterRange::List(zone, trail);
+  ZoneList<TextElement>* elms = new (zone) ZoneList<TextElement>(2, zone);
+  elms->Add(TextElement::CharClass(
+                new (zone) RegExpCharacterClass(zone, lead_ranges, flags)),
+            zone);
+  elms->Add(TextElement::CharClass(
+                new (zone) RegExpCharacterClass(zone, trail_ranges, flags)),
+            zone);
+  return new (zone) TextNode(elms, read_backward, on_success);
+}
+
+// This generates the code to match a text node.  A text node can contain
+// straight character sequences (possibly to be matched in a case-independent
+// way) and character classes.  For efficiency we do not do this in a single
+// pass from left to right.  Instead we pass over the text node several times,
+// emitting code for some character positions every time.  See the comment on
+// TextEmitPass for details.
+void TextNode::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  LimitResult limit_result = LimitVersions(compiler, trace);
+  if (limit_result == DONE) return;
+  DCHECK(limit_result == CONTINUE);
+
+  if (trace->cp_offset() + Length() > RegExpMacroAssembler::kMaxCPOffset) {
+    compiler->SetRegExpTooBig();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (compiler->one_byte()) {
+    int dummy = 0;
+    TextEmitPass(compiler, NON_LATIN1_MATCH, false, trace, false, &dummy);
+  }
+
+  bool first_elt_done = false;
+  int bound_checked_to = trace->cp_offset() - 1;
+  bound_checked_to += trace->bound_checked_up_to();
+
+  // If a character is preloaded into the current character register then
+  // check that now.
+  if (trace->characters_preloaded() == 1) {
+    for (int pass = kFirstRealPass; pass <= kLastPass; pass++) {
+      TextEmitPass(compiler, static_cast<TextEmitPassType>(pass), true, trace,
+                   false, &bound_checked_to);
+    }
+    first_elt_done = true;
+  }
+
+  for (int pass = kFirstRealPass; pass <= kLastPass; pass++) {
+    TextEmitPass(compiler, static_cast<TextEmitPassType>(pass), false, trace,
+                 first_elt_done, &bound_checked_to);
+  }
+
+  Trace successor_trace(*trace);
+  // If we advance backward, we may end up at the start.
+  successor_trace.AdvanceCurrentPositionInTrace(
+      read_backward() ? -Length() : Length(), compiler);
+  successor_trace.set_at_start(read_backward() ? Trace::UNKNOWN
+                                               : Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+  RecursionCheck rc(compiler);
+  on_success()->Emit(compiler, &successor_trace);
+}
+
+void Trace::InvalidateCurrentCharacter() { characters_preloaded_ = 0; }
+
+void Trace::AdvanceCurrentPositionInTrace(int by, RegExpCompiler* compiler) {
+  // We don't have an instruction for shifting the current character register
+  // down or for using a shifted value for anything so lets just forget that
+  // we preloaded any characters into it.
+  characters_preloaded_ = 0;
+  // Adjust the offsets of the quick check performed information.  This
+  // information is used to find out what we already determined about the
+  // characters by means of mask and compare.
+  quick_check_performed_.Advance(by, compiler->one_byte());
+  cp_offset_ += by;
+  if (cp_offset_ > RegExpMacroAssembler::kMaxCPOffset) {
+    compiler->SetRegExpTooBig();
+    cp_offset_ = 0;
+  }
+  bound_checked_up_to_ = Max(0, bound_checked_up_to_ - by);
+}
+
+void TextNode::MakeCaseIndependent(Isolate* isolate, bool is_one_byte) {
+  int element_count = elements()->length();
+  for (int i = 0; i < element_count; i++) {
+    TextElement elm = elements()->at(i);
+    if (elm.text_type() == TextElement::CHAR_CLASS) {
+      RegExpCharacterClass* cc = elm.char_class();
+#ifdef V8_INTL_SUPPORT
+      bool case_equivalents_already_added =
+          NeedsUnicodeCaseEquivalents(cc->flags());
+#else
+      bool case_equivalents_already_added = false;
+#endif
+      if (IgnoreCase(cc->flags()) && !case_equivalents_already_added) {
+        // None of the standard character classes is different in the case
+        // independent case and it slows us down if we don't know that.
+        if (cc->is_standard(zone())) continue;
+        ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges = cc->ranges(zone());
+        CharacterRange::AddCaseEquivalents(isolate, zone(), ranges,
+                                           is_one_byte);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+int TextNode::GreedyLoopTextLength() { return Length(); }
+
+RegExpNode* TextNode::GetSuccessorOfOmnivorousTextNode(
+    RegExpCompiler* compiler) {
+  if (read_backward()) return nullptr;
+  if (elements()->length() != 1) return nullptr;
+  TextElement elm = elements()->at(0);
+  if (elm.text_type() != TextElement::CHAR_CLASS) return nullptr;
+  RegExpCharacterClass* node = elm.char_class();
+  ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges = node->ranges(zone());
+  CharacterRange::Canonicalize(ranges);
+  if (node->is_negated()) {
+    return ranges->length() == 0 ? on_success() : nullptr;
+  }
+  if (ranges->length() != 1) return nullptr;
+  uint32_t max_char;
+  if (compiler->one_byte()) {
+    max_char = String::kMaxOneByteCharCode;
+  } else {
+    max_char = String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit;
+  }
+  return ranges->at(0).IsEverything(max_char) ? on_success() : nullptr;
+}
+
+// Finds the fixed match length of a sequence of nodes that goes from
+// this alternative and back to this choice node.  If there are variable
+// length nodes or other complications in the way then return a sentinel
+// value indicating that a greedy loop cannot be constructed.
+int ChoiceNode::GreedyLoopTextLengthForAlternative(
+    GuardedAlternative* alternative) {
+  int length = 0;
+  RegExpNode* node = alternative->node();
+  // Later we will generate code for all these text nodes using recursion
+  // so we have to limit the max number.
+  int recursion_depth = 0;
+  while (node != this) {
+    if (recursion_depth++ > RegExpCompiler::kMaxRecursion) {
+      return kNodeIsTooComplexForGreedyLoops;
+    }
+    int node_length = node->GreedyLoopTextLength();
+    if (node_length == kNodeIsTooComplexForGreedyLoops) {
+      return kNodeIsTooComplexForGreedyLoops;
+    }
+    length += node_length;
+    SeqRegExpNode* seq_node = static_cast<SeqRegExpNode*>(node);
+    node = seq_node->on_success();
+  }
+  return read_backward() ? -length : length;
+}
+
+void LoopChoiceNode::AddLoopAlternative(GuardedAlternative alt) {
+  DCHECK_NULL(loop_node_);
+  AddAlternative(alt);
+  loop_node_ = alt.node();
+}
+
+void LoopChoiceNode::AddContinueAlternative(GuardedAlternative alt) {
+  DCHECK_NULL(continue_node_);
+  AddAlternative(alt);
+  continue_node_ = alt.node();
+}
+
+void LoopChoiceNode::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  if (trace->stop_node() == this) {
+    // Back edge of greedy optimized loop node graph.
+    int text_length =
+        GreedyLoopTextLengthForAlternative(&(alternatives_->at(0)));
+    DCHECK_NE(kNodeIsTooComplexForGreedyLoops, text_length);
+    // Update the counter-based backtracking info on the stack.  This is an
+    // optimization for greedy loops (see below).
+    DCHECK(trace->cp_offset() == text_length);
+    macro_assembler->AdvanceCurrentPosition(text_length);
+    macro_assembler->GoTo(trace->loop_label());
+    return;
+  }
+  DCHECK_NULL(trace->stop_node());
+  if (!trace->is_trivial()) {
+    trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+    return;
+  }
+  ChoiceNode::Emit(compiler, trace);
+}
+
+int ChoiceNode::CalculatePreloadCharacters(RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                           int eats_at_least) {
+  int preload_characters = Min(4, eats_at_least);
+  DCHECK_LE(preload_characters, 4);
+  if (compiler->macro_assembler()->CanReadUnaligned()) {
+    bool one_byte = compiler->one_byte();
+    if (one_byte) {
+      // We can't preload 3 characters because there is no machine instruction
+      // to do that.  We can't just load 4 because we could be reading
+      // beyond the end of the string, which could cause a memory fault.
+      if (preload_characters == 3) preload_characters = 2;
+    } else {
+      if (preload_characters > 2) preload_characters = 2;
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (preload_characters > 1) preload_characters = 1;
+  }
+  return preload_characters;
+}
+
+// This class is used when generating the alternatives in a choice node.  It
+// records the way the alternative is being code generated.
+class AlternativeGeneration : public Malloced {
+ public:
+  AlternativeGeneration()
+      : possible_success(),
+        expects_preload(false),
+        after(),
+        quick_check_details() {}
+  Label possible_success;
+  bool expects_preload;
+  Label after;
+  QuickCheckDetails quick_check_details;
+};
+
+// Creates a list of AlternativeGenerations.  If the list has a reasonable
+// size then it is on the stack, otherwise the excess is on the heap.
+class AlternativeGenerationList {
+ public:
+  AlternativeGenerationList(int count, Zone* zone) : alt_gens_(count, zone) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < count && i < kAFew; i++) {
+      alt_gens_.Add(a_few_alt_gens_ + i, zone);
+    }
+    for (int i = kAFew; i < count; i++) {
+      alt_gens_.Add(new AlternativeGeneration(), zone);
+    }
+  }
+  ~AlternativeGenerationList() {
+    for (int i = kAFew; i < alt_gens_.length(); i++) {
+      delete alt_gens_[i];
+      alt_gens_[i] = nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  AlternativeGeneration* at(int i) { return alt_gens_[i]; }
+
+ private:
+  static const int kAFew = 10;
+  ZoneList<AlternativeGeneration*> alt_gens_;
+  AlternativeGeneration a_few_alt_gens_[kAFew];
+};
+
+void BoyerMoorePositionInfo::Set(int character) {
+  SetInterval(Interval(character, character));
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+ContainedInLattice AddRange(ContainedInLattice containment, const int* ranges,
+                            int ranges_length, Interval new_range) {
+  DCHECK_EQ(1, ranges_length & 1);
+  DCHECK_EQ(String::kMaxCodePoint + 1, ranges[ranges_length - 1]);
+  if (containment == kLatticeUnknown) return containment;
+  bool inside = false;
+  int last = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < ranges_length; inside = !inside, last = ranges[i], i++) {
+    // Consider the range from last to ranges[i].
+    // We haven't got to the new range yet.
+    if (ranges[i] <= new_range.from()) continue;
+    // New range is wholly inside last-ranges[i].  Note that new_range.to() is
+    // inclusive, but the values in ranges are not.
+    if (last <= new_range.from() && new_range.to() < ranges[i]) {
+      return Combine(containment, inside ? kLatticeIn : kLatticeOut);
+    }
+    return kLatticeUnknown;
+  }
+  return containment;
+}
+
+int BitsetFirstSetBit(BoyerMoorePositionInfo::Bitset bitset) {
+  STATIC_ASSERT(BoyerMoorePositionInfo::kMapSize ==
+                2 * kInt64Size * kBitsPerByte);
+
+  // Slight fiddling is needed here, since the bitset is of length 128 while
+  // CountTrailingZeros requires an integral type and std::bitset can only
+  // convert to unsigned long long. So we handle the most- and least-significant
+  // bits separately.
+
+  {
+    static constexpr BoyerMoorePositionInfo::Bitset mask(~uint64_t{0});
+    BoyerMoorePositionInfo::Bitset masked_bitset = bitset & mask;
+    STATIC_ASSERT(kInt64Size >= sizeof(decltype(masked_bitset.to_ullong())));
+    uint64_t lsb = masked_bitset.to_ullong();
+    if (lsb != 0) return base::bits::CountTrailingZeros(lsb);
+  }
+
+  {
+    BoyerMoorePositionInfo::Bitset masked_bitset = bitset >> 64;
+    uint64_t msb = masked_bitset.to_ullong();
+    if (msb != 0) return 64 + base::bits::CountTrailingZeros(msb);
+  }
+
+  return -1;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+void BoyerMoorePositionInfo::SetInterval(const Interval& interval) {
+  w_ = AddRange(w_, kWordRanges, kWordRangeCount, interval);
+
+  if (interval.size() >= kMapSize) {
+    map_count_ = kMapSize;
+    map_.set();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (int i = interval.from(); i <= interval.to(); i++) {
+    int mod_character = (i & kMask);
+    if (!map_[mod_character]) {
+      map_count_++;
+      map_.set(mod_character);
+    }
+    if (map_count_ == kMapSize) return;
+  }
+}
+
+void BoyerMoorePositionInfo::SetAll() {
+  w_ = kLatticeUnknown;
+  if (map_count_ != kMapSize) {
+    map_count_ = kMapSize;
+    map_.set();
+  }
+}
+
+BoyerMooreLookahead::BoyerMooreLookahead(int length, RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                         Zone* zone)
+    : length_(length), compiler_(compiler) {
+  if (compiler->one_byte()) {
+    max_char_ = String::kMaxOneByteCharCode;
+  } else {
+    max_char_ = String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit;
+  }
+  bitmaps_ = new (zone) ZoneList<BoyerMoorePositionInfo*>(length, zone);
+  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+    bitmaps_->Add(new (zone) BoyerMoorePositionInfo(), zone);
+  }
+}
+
+// Find the longest range of lookahead that has the fewest number of different
+// characters that can occur at a given position.  Since we are optimizing two
+// different parameters at once this is a tradeoff.
+bool BoyerMooreLookahead::FindWorthwhileInterval(int* from, int* to) {
+  int biggest_points = 0;
+  // If more than 32 characters out of 128 can occur it is unlikely that we can
+  // be lucky enough to step forwards much of the time.
+  const int kMaxMax = 32;
+  for (int max_number_of_chars = 4; max_number_of_chars < kMaxMax;
+       max_number_of_chars *= 2) {
+    biggest_points =
+        FindBestInterval(max_number_of_chars, biggest_points, from, to);
+  }
+  if (biggest_points == 0) return false;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Find the highest-points range between 0 and length_ where the character
+// information is not too vague.  'Too vague' means that there are more than
+// max_number_of_chars that can occur at this position.  Calculates the number
+// of points as the product of width-of-the-range and
+// probability-of-finding-one-of-the-characters, where the probability is
+// calculated using the frequency distribution of the sample subject string.
+int BoyerMooreLookahead::FindBestInterval(int max_number_of_chars,
+                                          int old_biggest_points, int* from,
+                                          int* to) {
+  int biggest_points = old_biggest_points;
+  static const int kSize = RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableSize;
+  for (int i = 0; i < length_;) {
+    while (i < length_ && Count(i) > max_number_of_chars) i++;
+    if (i == length_) break;
+    int remembered_from = i;
+
+    BoyerMoorePositionInfo::Bitset union_bitset;
+    for (; i < length_ && Count(i) <= max_number_of_chars; i++) {
+      union_bitset |= bitmaps_->at(i)->raw_bitset();
+    }
+
+    int frequency = 0;
+
+    // Iterate only over set bits.
+    int j;
+    while ((j = BitsetFirstSetBit(union_bitset)) != -1) {
+      DCHECK(union_bitset[j]);  // Sanity check.
+      // Add 1 to the frequency to give a small per-character boost for
+      // the cases where our sampling is not good enough and many
+      // characters have a frequency of zero.  This means the frequency
+      // can theoretically be up to 2*kSize though we treat it mostly as
+      // a fraction of kSize.
+      frequency += compiler_->frequency_collator()->Frequency(j) + 1;
+      union_bitset.reset(j);
+    }
+
+    // We use the probability of skipping times the distance we are skipping to
+    // judge the effectiveness of this.  Actually we have a cut-off:  By
+    // dividing by 2 we switch off the skipping if the probability of skipping
+    // is less than 50%.  This is because the multibyte mask-and-compare
+    // skipping in quickcheck is more likely to do well on this case.
+    bool in_quickcheck_range =
+        ((i - remembered_from < 4) ||
+         (compiler_->one_byte() ? remembered_from <= 4 : remembered_from <= 2));
+    // Called 'probability' but it is only a rough estimate and can actually
+    // be outside the 0-kSize range.
+    int probability = (in_quickcheck_range ? kSize / 2 : kSize) - frequency;
+    int points = (i - remembered_from) * probability;
+    if (points > biggest_points) {
+      *from = remembered_from;
+      *to = i - 1;
+      biggest_points = points;
+    }
+  }
+  return biggest_points;
+}
+
+// Take all the characters that will not prevent a successful match if they
+// occur in the subject string in the range between min_lookahead and
+// max_lookahead (inclusive) measured from the current position.  If the
+// character at max_lookahead offset is not one of these characters, then we
+// can safely skip forwards by the number of characters in the range.
+int BoyerMooreLookahead::GetSkipTable(int min_lookahead, int max_lookahead,
+                                      Handle<ByteArray> boolean_skip_table) {
+  const int kSkipArrayEntry = 0;
+  const int kDontSkipArrayEntry = 1;
+
+  std::memset(boolean_skip_table->GetDataStartAddress(), kSkipArrayEntry,
+              boolean_skip_table->length());
+
+  for (int i = max_lookahead; i >= min_lookahead; i--) {
+    BoyerMoorePositionInfo::Bitset bitset = bitmaps_->at(i)->raw_bitset();
+
+    // Iterate only over set bits.
+    int j;
+    while ((j = BitsetFirstSetBit(bitset)) != -1) {
+      DCHECK(bitset[j]);  // Sanity check.
+      boolean_skip_table->set(j, kDontSkipArrayEntry);
+      bitset.reset(j);
+    }
+  }
+
+  const int skip = max_lookahead + 1 - min_lookahead;
+  return skip;
+}
+
+// See comment above on the implementation of GetSkipTable.
+void BoyerMooreLookahead::EmitSkipInstructions(RegExpMacroAssembler* masm) {
+  const int kSize = RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableSize;
+
+  int min_lookahead = 0;
+  int max_lookahead = 0;
+
+  if (!FindWorthwhileInterval(&min_lookahead, &max_lookahead)) return;
+
+  // Check if we only have a single non-empty position info, and that info
+  // contains precisely one character.
+  bool found_single_character = false;
+  int single_character = 0;
+  for (int i = max_lookahead; i >= min_lookahead; i--) {
+    BoyerMoorePositionInfo* map = bitmaps_->at(i);
+    if (map->map_count() == 0) continue;
+
+    if (found_single_character || map->map_count() > 1) {
+      found_single_character = false;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    DCHECK(!found_single_character);
+    DCHECK_EQ(map->map_count(), 1);
+
+    found_single_character = true;
+    single_character = BitsetFirstSetBit(map->raw_bitset());
+
+    DCHECK_NE(single_character, -1);
+  }
+
+  int lookahead_width = max_lookahead + 1 - min_lookahead;
+
+  if (found_single_character && lookahead_width == 1 && max_lookahead < 3) {
+    // The mask-compare can probably handle this better.
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (found_single_character) {
+    Label cont, again;
+    masm->Bind(&again);
+    masm->LoadCurrentCharacter(max_lookahead, &cont, true);
+    if (max_char_ > kSize) {
+      masm->CheckCharacterAfterAnd(single_character,
+                                   RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableMask, &cont);
+    } else {
+      masm->CheckCharacter(single_character, &cont);
+    }
+    masm->AdvanceCurrentPosition(lookahead_width);
+    masm->GoTo(&again);
+    masm->Bind(&cont);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  Factory* factory = masm->isolate()->factory();
+  Handle<ByteArray> boolean_skip_table =
+      factory->NewByteArray(kSize, AllocationType::kOld);
+  int skip_distance =
+      GetSkipTable(min_lookahead, max_lookahead, boolean_skip_table);
+  DCHECK_NE(0, skip_distance);
+
+  Label cont, again;
+  masm->Bind(&again);
+  masm->LoadCurrentCharacter(max_lookahead, &cont, true);
+  masm->CheckBitInTable(boolean_skip_table, &cont);
+  masm->AdvanceCurrentPosition(skip_distance);
+  masm->GoTo(&again);
+  masm->Bind(&cont);
+}
+
+/* Code generation for choice nodes.
+ *
+ * We generate quick checks that do a mask and compare to eliminate a
+ * choice.  If the quick check succeeds then it jumps to the continuation to
+ * do slow checks and check subsequent nodes.  If it fails (the common case)
+ * it falls through to the next choice.
+ *
+ * Here is the desired flow graph.  Nodes directly below each other imply
+ * fallthrough.  Alternatives 1 and 2 have quick checks.  Alternative
+ * 3 doesn't have a quick check so we have to call the slow check.
+ * Nodes are marked Qn for quick checks and Sn for slow checks.  The entire
+ * regexp continuation is generated directly after the Sn node, up to the
+ * next GoTo if we decide to reuse some already generated code.  Some
+ * nodes expect preload_characters to be preloaded into the current
+ * character register.  R nodes do this preloading.  Vertices are marked
+ * F for failures and S for success (possible success in the case of quick
+ * nodes).  L, V, < and > are used as arrow heads.
+ *
+ * ----------> R
+ *             |
+ *             V
+ *            Q1 -----> S1
+ *             |   S   /
+ *            F|      /
+ *             |    F/
+ *             |    /
+ *             |   R
+ *             |  /
+ *             V L
+ *            Q2 -----> S2
+ *             |   S   /
+ *            F|      /
+ *             |    F/
+ *             |    /
+ *             |   R
+ *             |  /
+ *             V L
+ *            S3
+ *             |
+ *            F|
+ *             |
+ *             R
+ *             |
+ * backtrack   V
+ * <----------Q4
+ *   \    F    |
+ *    \        |S
+ *     \   F   V
+ *      \-----S4
+ *
+ * For greedy loops we push the current position, then generate the code that
+ * eats the input specially in EmitGreedyLoop.  The other choice (the
+ * continuation) is generated by the normal code in EmitChoices, and steps back
+ * in the input to the starting position when it fails to match.  The loop code
+ * looks like this (U is the unwind code that steps back in the greedy loop).
+ *
+ *              _____
+ *             /     \
+ *             V     |
+ * ----------> S1    |
+ *            /|     |
+ *           / |S    |
+ *         F/  \_____/
+ *         /
+ *        |<-----
+ *        |      \
+ *        V       |S
+ *        Q2 ---> U----->backtrack
+ *        |  F   /
+ *       S|     /
+ *        V  F /
+ *        S2--/
+ */
+
+GreedyLoopState::GreedyLoopState(bool not_at_start) {
+  counter_backtrack_trace_.set_backtrack(&label_);
+  if (not_at_start) counter_backtrack_trace_.set_at_start(Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+}
+
+void ChoiceNode::AssertGuardsMentionRegisters(Trace* trace) {
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  int choice_count = alternatives_->length();
+  for (int i = 0; i < choice_count - 1; i++) {
+    GuardedAlternative alternative = alternatives_->at(i);
+    ZoneList<Guard*>* guards = alternative.guards();
+    int guard_count = (guards == nullptr) ? 0 : guards->length();
+    for (int j = 0; j < guard_count; j++) {
+      DCHECK(!trace->mentions_reg(guards->at(j)->reg()));
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+void ChoiceNode::SetUpPreLoad(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* current_trace,
+                              PreloadState* state) {
+  if (state->eats_at_least_ == PreloadState::kEatsAtLeastNotYetInitialized) {
+    // Save some time by looking at most one machine word ahead.
+    state->eats_at_least_ =
+        EatsAtLeast(current_trace->at_start() == Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+  }
+  state->preload_characters_ =
+      CalculatePreloadCharacters(compiler, state->eats_at_least_);
+
+  state->preload_is_current_ =
+      (current_trace->characters_preloaded() == state->preload_characters_);
+  state->preload_has_checked_bounds_ = state->preload_is_current_;
+}
+
+void ChoiceNode::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  int choice_count = alternatives_->length();
+
+  if (choice_count == 1 && alternatives_->at(0).guards() == nullptr) {
+    alternatives_->at(0).node()->Emit(compiler, trace);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  AssertGuardsMentionRegisters(trace);
+
+  LimitResult limit_result = LimitVersions(compiler, trace);
+  if (limit_result == DONE) return;
+  DCHECK(limit_result == CONTINUE);
+
+  // For loop nodes we already flushed (see LoopChoiceNode::Emit), but for
+  // other choice nodes we only flush if we are out of code size budget.
+  if (trace->flush_budget() == 0 && trace->actions() != nullptr) {
+    trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  RecursionCheck rc(compiler);
+
+  PreloadState preload;
+  preload.init();
+  GreedyLoopState greedy_loop_state(not_at_start());
+
+  int text_length = GreedyLoopTextLengthForAlternative(&alternatives_->at(0));
+  AlternativeGenerationList alt_gens(choice_count, zone());
+
+  if (choice_count > 1 && text_length != kNodeIsTooComplexForGreedyLoops) {
+    trace = EmitGreedyLoop(compiler, trace, &alt_gens, &preload,
+                           &greedy_loop_state, text_length);
+  } else {
+    // TODO(erikcorry): Delete this.  We don't need this label, but it makes us
+    // match the traces produced pre-cleanup.
+    Label second_choice;
+    compiler->macro_assembler()->Bind(&second_choice);
+
+    preload.eats_at_least_ = EmitOptimizedUnanchoredSearch(compiler, trace);
+
+    EmitChoices(compiler, &alt_gens, 0, trace, &preload);
+  }
+
+  // At this point we need to generate slow checks for the alternatives where
+  // the quick check was inlined.  We can recognize these because the associated
+  // label was bound.
+  int new_flush_budget = trace->flush_budget() / choice_count;
+  for (int i = 0; i < choice_count; i++) {
+    AlternativeGeneration* alt_gen = alt_gens.at(i);
+    Trace new_trace(*trace);
+    // If there are actions to be flushed we have to limit how many times
+    // they are flushed.  Take the budget of the parent trace and distribute
+    // it fairly amongst the children.
+    if (new_trace.actions() != nullptr) {
+      new_trace.set_flush_budget(new_flush_budget);
+    }
+    bool next_expects_preload =
+        i == choice_count - 1 ? false : alt_gens.at(i + 1)->expects_preload;
+    EmitOutOfLineContinuation(compiler, &new_trace, alternatives_->at(i),
+                              alt_gen, preload.preload_characters_,
+                              next_expects_preload);
+  }
+}
+
+Trace* ChoiceNode::EmitGreedyLoop(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace,
+                                  AlternativeGenerationList* alt_gens,
+                                  PreloadState* preload,
+                                  GreedyLoopState* greedy_loop_state,
+                                  int text_length) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  // Here we have special handling for greedy loops containing only text nodes
+  // and other simple nodes.  These are handled by pushing the current
+  // position on the stack and then incrementing the current position each
+  // time around the switch.  On backtrack we decrement the current position
+  // and check it against the pushed value.  This avoids pushing backtrack
+  // information for each iteration of the loop, which could take up a lot of
+  // space.
+  DCHECK(trace->stop_node() == nullptr);
+  macro_assembler->PushCurrentPosition();
+  Label greedy_match_failed;
+  Trace greedy_match_trace;
+  if (not_at_start()) greedy_match_trace.set_at_start(Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+  greedy_match_trace.set_backtrack(&greedy_match_failed);
+  Label loop_label;
+  macro_assembler->Bind(&loop_label);
+  greedy_match_trace.set_stop_node(this);
+  greedy_match_trace.set_loop_label(&loop_label);
+  alternatives_->at(0).node()->Emit(compiler, &greedy_match_trace);
+  macro_assembler->Bind(&greedy_match_failed);
+
+  Label second_choice;  // For use in greedy matches.
+  macro_assembler->Bind(&second_choice);
+
+  Trace* new_trace = greedy_loop_state->counter_backtrack_trace();
+
+  EmitChoices(compiler, alt_gens, 1, new_trace, preload);
+
+  macro_assembler->Bind(greedy_loop_state->label());
+  // If we have unwound to the bottom then backtrack.
+  macro_assembler->CheckGreedyLoop(trace->backtrack());
+  // Otherwise try the second priority at an earlier position.
+  macro_assembler->AdvanceCurrentPosition(-text_length);
+  macro_assembler->GoTo(&second_choice);
+  return new_trace;
+}
+
+int ChoiceNode::EmitOptimizedUnanchoredSearch(RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                              Trace* trace) {
+  int eats_at_least = PreloadState::kEatsAtLeastNotYetInitialized;
+  if (alternatives_->length() != 2) return eats_at_least;
+
+  GuardedAlternative alt1 = alternatives_->at(1);
+  if (alt1.guards() != nullptr && alt1.guards()->length() != 0) {
+    return eats_at_least;
+  }
+  RegExpNode* eats_anything_node = alt1.node();
+  if (eats_anything_node->GetSuccessorOfOmnivorousTextNode(compiler) != this) {
+    return eats_at_least;
+  }
+
+  // Really we should be creating a new trace when we execute this function,
+  // but there is no need, because the code it generates cannot backtrack, and
+  // we always arrive here with a trivial trace (since it's the entry to a
+  // loop.  That also implies that there are no preloaded characters, which is
+  // good, because it means we won't be violating any assumptions by
+  // overwriting those characters with new load instructions.
+  DCHECK(trace->is_trivial());
+
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  Isolate* isolate = macro_assembler->isolate();
+  // At this point we know that we are at a non-greedy loop that will eat
+  // any character one at a time.  Any non-anchored regexp has such a
+  // loop prepended to it in order to find where it starts.  We look for
+  // a pattern of the form ...abc... where we can look 6 characters ahead
+  // and step forwards 3 if the character is not one of abc.  Abc need
+  // not be atoms, they can be any reasonably limited character class or
+  // small alternation.
+  BoyerMooreLookahead* bm = bm_info(false);
+  if (bm == nullptr) {
+    eats_at_least = Min(kMaxLookaheadForBoyerMoore, EatsAtLeast(false));
+    if (eats_at_least >= 1) {
+      bm = new (zone()) BoyerMooreLookahead(eats_at_least, compiler, zone());
+      GuardedAlternative alt0 = alternatives_->at(0);
+      alt0.node()->FillInBMInfo(isolate, 0, kRecursionBudget, bm, false);
+    }
+  }
+  if (bm != nullptr) {
+    bm->EmitSkipInstructions(macro_assembler);
+  }
+  return eats_at_least;
+}
+
+void ChoiceNode::EmitChoices(RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                             AlternativeGenerationList* alt_gens,
+                             int first_choice, Trace* trace,
+                             PreloadState* preload) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  SetUpPreLoad(compiler, trace, preload);
+
+  // For now we just call all choices one after the other.  The idea ultimately
+  // is to use the Dispatch table to try only the relevant ones.
+  int choice_count = alternatives_->length();
+
+  int new_flush_budget = trace->flush_budget() / choice_count;
+
+  for (int i = first_choice; i < choice_count; i++) {
+    bool is_last = i == choice_count - 1;
+    bool fall_through_on_failure = !is_last;
+    GuardedAlternative alternative = alternatives_->at(i);
+    AlternativeGeneration* alt_gen = alt_gens->at(i);
+    alt_gen->quick_check_details.set_characters(preload->preload_characters_);
+    ZoneList<Guard*>* guards = alternative.guards();
+    int guard_count = (guards == nullptr) ? 0 : guards->length();
+    Trace new_trace(*trace);
+    new_trace.set_characters_preloaded(
+        preload->preload_is_current_ ? preload->preload_characters_ : 0);
+    if (preload->preload_has_checked_bounds_) {
+      new_trace.set_bound_checked_up_to(preload->preload_characters_);
+    }
+    new_trace.quick_check_performed()->Clear();
+    if (not_at_start_) new_trace.set_at_start(Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+    if (!is_last) {
+      new_trace.set_backtrack(&alt_gen->after);
+    }
+    alt_gen->expects_preload = preload->preload_is_current_;
+    bool generate_full_check_inline = false;
+    if (compiler->optimize() &&
+        try_to_emit_quick_check_for_alternative(i == 0) &&
+        alternative.node()->EmitQuickCheck(
+            compiler, trace, &new_trace, preload->preload_has_checked_bounds_,
+            &alt_gen->possible_success, &alt_gen->quick_check_details,
+            fall_through_on_failure, this)) {
+      // Quick check was generated for this choice.
+      preload->preload_is_current_ = true;
+      preload->preload_has_checked_bounds_ = true;
+      // If we generated the quick check to fall through on possible success,
+      // we now need to generate the full check inline.
+      if (!fall_through_on_failure) {
+        macro_assembler->Bind(&alt_gen->possible_success);
+        new_trace.set_quick_check_performed(&alt_gen->quick_check_details);
+        new_trace.set_characters_preloaded(preload->preload_characters_);
+        new_trace.set_bound_checked_up_to(preload->preload_characters_);
+        generate_full_check_inline = true;
+      }
+    } else if (alt_gen->quick_check_details.cannot_match()) {
+      if (!fall_through_on_failure) {
+        macro_assembler->GoTo(trace->backtrack());
+      }
+      continue;
+    } else {
+      // No quick check was generated.  Put the full code here.
+      // If this is not the first choice then there could be slow checks from
+      // previous cases that go here when they fail.  There's no reason to
+      // insist that they preload characters since the slow check we are about
+      // to generate probably can't use it.
+      if (i != first_choice) {
+        alt_gen->expects_preload = false;
+        new_trace.InvalidateCurrentCharacter();
+      }
+      generate_full_check_inline = true;
+    }
+    if (generate_full_check_inline) {
+      if (new_trace.actions() != nullptr) {
+        new_trace.set_flush_budget(new_flush_budget);
+      }
+      for (int j = 0; j < guard_count; j++) {
+        GenerateGuard(macro_assembler, guards->at(j), &new_trace);
+      }
+      alternative.node()->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+      preload->preload_is_current_ = false;
+    }
+    macro_assembler->Bind(&alt_gen->after);
+  }
+}
+
+void ChoiceNode::EmitOutOfLineContinuation(RegExpCompiler* compiler,
+                                           Trace* trace,
+                                           GuardedAlternative alternative,
+                                           AlternativeGeneration* alt_gen,
+                                           int preload_characters,
+                                           bool next_expects_preload) {
+  if (!alt_gen->possible_success.is_linked()) return;
+
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* macro_assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  macro_assembler->Bind(&alt_gen->possible_success);
+  Trace out_of_line_trace(*trace);
+  out_of_line_trace.set_characters_preloaded(preload_characters);
+  out_of_line_trace.set_quick_check_performed(&alt_gen->quick_check_details);
+  if (not_at_start_) out_of_line_trace.set_at_start(Trace::FALSE_VALUE);
+  ZoneList<Guard*>* guards = alternative.guards();
+  int guard_count = (guards == nullptr) ? 0 : guards->length();
+  if (next_expects_preload) {
+    Label reload_current_char;
+    out_of_line_trace.set_backtrack(&reload_current_char);
+    for (int j = 0; j < guard_count; j++) {
+      GenerateGuard(macro_assembler, guards->at(j), &out_of_line_trace);
+    }
+    alternative.node()->Emit(compiler, &out_of_line_trace);
+    macro_assembler->Bind(&reload_current_char);
+    // Reload the current character, since the next quick check expects that.
+    // We don't need to check bounds here because we only get into this
+    // code through a quick check which already did the checked load.
+    macro_assembler->LoadCurrentCharacter(trace->cp_offset(), nullptr, false,
+                                          preload_characters);
+    macro_assembler->GoTo(&(alt_gen->after));
+  } else {
+    out_of_line_trace.set_backtrack(&(alt_gen->after));
+    for (int j = 0; j < guard_count; j++) {
+      GenerateGuard(macro_assembler, guards->at(j), &out_of_line_trace);
+    }
+    alternative.node()->Emit(compiler, &out_of_line_trace);
+  }
+}
+
+void ActionNode::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  LimitResult limit_result = LimitVersions(compiler, trace);
+  if (limit_result == DONE) return;
+  DCHECK(limit_result == CONTINUE);
+
+  RecursionCheck rc(compiler);
+
+  switch (action_type_) {
+    case STORE_POSITION: {
+      Trace::DeferredCapture new_capture(data_.u_position_register.reg,
+                                         data_.u_position_register.is_capture,
+                                         trace);
+      Trace new_trace = *trace;
+      new_trace.add_action(&new_capture);
+      on_success()->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+      break;
+    }
+    case INCREMENT_REGISTER: {
+      Trace::DeferredIncrementRegister new_increment(
+          data_.u_increment_register.reg);
+      Trace new_trace = *trace;
+      new_trace.add_action(&new_increment);
+      on_success()->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+      break;
+    }
+    case SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP: {
+      Trace::DeferredSetRegisterForLoop new_set(data_.u_store_register.reg,
+                                                data_.u_store_register.value);
+      Trace new_trace = *trace;
+      new_trace.add_action(&new_set);
+      on_success()->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+      break;
+    }
+    case CLEAR_CAPTURES: {
+      Trace::DeferredClearCaptures new_capture(Interval(
+          data_.u_clear_captures.range_from, data_.u_clear_captures.range_to));
+      Trace new_trace = *trace;
+      new_trace.add_action(&new_capture);
+      on_success()->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+      break;
+    }
+    case BEGIN_SUBMATCH:
+      if (!trace->is_trivial()) {
+        trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+      } else {
+        assembler->WriteCurrentPositionToRegister(
+            data_.u_submatch.current_position_register, 0);
+        assembler->WriteStackPointerToRegister(
+            data_.u_submatch.stack_pointer_register);
+        on_success()->Emit(compiler, trace);
+      }
+      break;
+    case EMPTY_MATCH_CHECK: {
+      int start_pos_reg = data_.u_empty_match_check.start_register;
+      int stored_pos = 0;
+      int rep_reg = data_.u_empty_match_check.repetition_register;
+      bool has_minimum = (rep_reg != RegExpCompiler::kNoRegister);
+      bool know_dist = trace->GetStoredPosition(start_pos_reg, &stored_pos);
+      if (know_dist && !has_minimum && stored_pos == trace->cp_offset()) {
+        // If we know we haven't advanced and there is no minimum we
+        // can just backtrack immediately.
+        assembler->GoTo(trace->backtrack());
+      } else if (know_dist && stored_pos < trace->cp_offset()) {
+        // If we know we've advanced we can generate the continuation
+        // immediately.
+        on_success()->Emit(compiler, trace);
+      } else if (!trace->is_trivial()) {
+        trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+      } else {
+        Label skip_empty_check;
+        // If we have a minimum number of repetitions we check the current
+        // number first and skip the empty check if it's not enough.
+        if (has_minimum) {
+          int limit = data_.u_empty_match_check.repetition_limit;
+          assembler->IfRegisterLT(rep_reg, limit, &skip_empty_check);
+        }
+        // If the match is empty we bail out, otherwise we fall through
+        // to the on-success continuation.
+        assembler->IfRegisterEqPos(data_.u_empty_match_check.start_register,
+                                   trace->backtrack());
+        assembler->Bind(&skip_empty_check);
+        on_success()->Emit(compiler, trace);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case POSITIVE_SUBMATCH_SUCCESS: {
+      if (!trace->is_trivial()) {
+        trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+        return;
+      }
+      assembler->ReadCurrentPositionFromRegister(
+          data_.u_submatch.current_position_register);
+      assembler->ReadStackPointerFromRegister(
+          data_.u_submatch.stack_pointer_register);
+      int clear_register_count = data_.u_submatch.clear_register_count;
+      if (clear_register_count == 0) {
+        on_success()->Emit(compiler, trace);
+        return;
+      }
+      int clear_registers_from = data_.u_submatch.clear_register_from;
+      Label clear_registers_backtrack;
+      Trace new_trace = *trace;
+      new_trace.set_backtrack(&clear_registers_backtrack);
+      on_success()->Emit(compiler, &new_trace);
+
+      assembler->Bind(&clear_registers_backtrack);
+      int clear_registers_to = clear_registers_from + clear_register_count - 1;
+      assembler->ClearRegisters(clear_registers_from, clear_registers_to);
+
+      DCHECK(trace->backtrack() == nullptr);
+      assembler->Backtrack();
+      return;
+    }
+    default:
+      UNREACHABLE();
+  }
+}
+
+void BackReferenceNode::Emit(RegExpCompiler* compiler, Trace* trace) {
+  RegExpMacroAssembler* assembler = compiler->macro_assembler();
+  if (!trace->is_trivial()) {
+    trace->Flush(compiler, this);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  LimitResult limit_result = LimitVersions(compiler, trace);
+  if (limit_result == DONE) return;
+  DCHECK(limit_result == CONTINUE);
+
+  RecursionCheck rc(compiler);
+
+  DCHECK_EQ(start_reg_ + 1, end_reg_);
+  if (IgnoreCase(flags_)) {
+    assembler->CheckNotBackReferenceIgnoreCase(
+        start_reg_, read_backward(), IsUnicode(flags_), trace->backtrack());
+  } else {
+    assembler->CheckNotBackReference(start_reg_, read_backward(),
+                                     trace->backtrack());
+  }
+  // We are going to advance backward, so we may end up at the start.
+  if (read_backward()) trace->set_at_start(Trace::UNKNOWN);
+
+  // Check that the back reference does not end inside a surrogate pair.
+  if (IsUnicode(flags_) && !compiler->one_byte()) {
+    assembler->CheckNotInSurrogatePair(trace->cp_offset(), trace->backtrack());
+  }
+  on_success()->Emit(compiler, trace);
+}
+
+void TextNode::CalculateOffsets() {
+  int element_count = elements()->length();
+  // Set up the offsets of the elements relative to the start.  This is a fixed
+  // quantity since a TextNode can only contain fixed-width things.
+  int cp_offset = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < element_count; i++) {
+    TextElement& elm = elements()->at(i);
+    elm.set_cp_offset(cp_offset);
+    cp_offset += elm.length();
+  }
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+// Assertion propagation moves information about assertions such as
+// \b to the affected nodes.  For instance, in /.\b./ information must
+// be propagated to the first '.' that whatever follows needs to know
+// if it matched a word or a non-word, and to the second '.' that it
+// has to check if it succeeds a word or non-word.  In this case the
+// result will be something like:
+//
+//   +-------+        +------------+
+//   |   .   |        |      .     |
+//   +-------+  --->  +------------+
+//   | word? |        | check word |
+//   +-------+        +------------+
+class AssertionPropagator : public AllStatic {
+ public:
+  static void VisitText(TextNode* that) {}
+
+  static void VisitAction(ActionNode* that) {
+    // If the next node is interested in what it follows then this node
+    // has to be interested too so it can pass the information on.
+    that->info()->AddFromFollowing(that->on_success()->info());
+  }
+
+  static void VisitChoice(ChoiceNode* that, int i) {
+    // Anything the following nodes need to know has to be known by
+    // this node also, so it can pass it on.
+    that->info()->AddFromFollowing(that->alternatives()->at(i).node()->info());
+  }
+
+  static void VisitLoopChoiceContinueNode(LoopChoiceNode* that) {
+    that->info()->AddFromFollowing(that->continue_node()->info());
+  }
+
+  static void VisitLoopChoiceLoopNode(LoopChoiceNode* that) {
+    that->info()->AddFromFollowing(that->loop_node()->info());
+  }
+
+  static void VisitNegativeLookaroundChoiceLookaroundNode(
+      NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode* that) {
+    VisitChoice(that, NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode::kLookaroundIndex);
+  }
+
+  static void VisitNegativeLookaroundChoiceContinueNode(
+      NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode* that) {
+    VisitChoice(that, NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode::kContinueIndex);
+  }
+
+  static void VisitBackReference(BackReferenceNode* that) {}
+
+  static void VisitAssertion(AssertionNode* that) {}
+};
+
+// Propagates information about the minimum size of successful matches from
+// successor nodes to their predecessors. Note that all eats_at_least values
+// are initialized to zero before analysis.
+class EatsAtLeastPropagator : public AllStatic {
+ public:
+  static void VisitText(TextNode* that) {
+    // The eats_at_least value is not used if reading backward.
+    if (!that->read_backward()) {
+      // We are not at the start after this node, and thus we can use the
+      // successor's eats_at_least_from_not_start value.
+      uint8_t eats_at_least = base::saturated_cast<uint8_t>(
+          that->Length() + that->on_success()
+                               ->eats_at_least_info()
+                               ->eats_at_least_from_not_start);
+      that->set_eats_at_least_info(EatsAtLeastInfo(eats_at_least));
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void VisitAction(ActionNode* that) {
+    // POSITIVE_SUBMATCH_SUCCESS rewinds input, so we must not consider
+    // successor nodes for eats_at_least. SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP indicates a loop
+    // entry point, which means the loop body will run at least the minimum
+    // number of times before the continuation case can run. Otherwise the
+    // current node eats at least as much as its successor.
+    switch (that->action_type()) {
+      case ActionNode::POSITIVE_SUBMATCH_SUCCESS:
+        break;  // Was already initialized to zero.
+      case ActionNode::SET_REGISTER_FOR_LOOP:
+        that->set_eats_at_least_info(
+            that->on_success()->EatsAtLeastFromLoopEntry());
+        break;
+      default:
+        that->set_eats_at_least_info(*that->on_success()->eats_at_least_info());
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void VisitChoice(ChoiceNode* that, int i) {
+    // The minimum possible match from a choice node is the minimum of its
+    // successors.
+    EatsAtLeastInfo eats_at_least =
+        i == 0 ? EatsAtLeastInfo(UINT8_MAX) : *that->eats_at_least_info();
+    eats_at_least.SetMin(
+        *that->alternatives()->at(i).node()->eats_at_least_info());
+    that->set_eats_at_least_info(eats_at_least);
+  }
+
+  static void VisitLoopChoiceContinueNode(LoopChoiceNode* that) {
+    that->set_eats_at_least_info(*that->continue_node()->eats_at_least_info());
+  }
+
+  static void VisitLoopChoiceLoopNode(LoopChoiceNode* that) {}
+
+  static void VisitNegativeLookaroundChoiceLookaroundNode(
+      NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode* that) {}
+
+  static void VisitNegativeLookaroundChoiceContinueNode(
+      NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode* that) {
+    that->set_eats_at_least_info(*that->continue_node()->eats_at_least_info());
+  }
+
+  static void VisitBackReference(BackReferenceNode* that) {
+    if (!that->read_backward()) {
+      that->set_eats_at_least_info(*that->on_success()->eats_at_least_info());
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void VisitAssertion(AssertionNode* that) {
+    EatsAtLeastInfo eats_at_least = *that->on_success()->eats_at_least_info();
+    if (that->assertion_type() == AssertionNode::AT_START) {
+      // If we know we are not at the start and we are asked "how many
+      // characters will you match if you succeed?" then we can answer anything
+      // since false implies false.  So let's just set the max answer
+      // (UINT8_MAX) since that won't prevent us from preloading a lot of
+      // characters for the other branches in the node graph.
+      eats_at_least.eats_at_least_from_not_start = UINT8_MAX;
+    }
+    that->set_eats_at_least_info(eats_at_least);
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Analysis
+
+// Iterates the node graph and provides the opportunity for propagators to set
+// values that depend on successor nodes.
+template <typename... Propagators>
+class Analysis : public NodeVisitor {
+ public:
+  Analysis(Isolate* isolate, bool is_one_byte)
+      : isolate_(isolate), is_one_byte_(is_one_byte), error_message_(nullptr) {}
+
+  void EnsureAnalyzed(RegExpNode* that) {
+    StackLimitCheck check(isolate());
+    if (check.HasOverflowed()) {
+      fail("Stack overflow");
+      return;
+    }
+    if (that->info()->been_analyzed || that->info()->being_analyzed) return;
+    that->info()->being_analyzed = true;
+    that->Accept(this);
+    that->info()->being_analyzed = false;
+    that->info()->been_analyzed = true;
+  }
+
+  bool has_failed() { return error_message_ != nullptr; }
+  const char* error_message() {
+    DCHECK(error_message_ != nullptr);
+    return error_message_;
+  }
+  void fail(const char* error_message) { error_message_ = error_message; }
+
+  Isolate* isolate() const { return isolate_; }
+
+  void VisitEnd(EndNode* that) override {
+    // nothing to do
+  }
+
+// Used to call the given static function on each propagator / variadic template
+// argument.
+#define STATIC_FOR_EACH(expr)       \
+  do {                              \
+    int dummy[] = {((expr), 0)...}; \
+    USE(dummy);                     \
+  } while (false)
+
+  void VisitText(TextNode* that) override {
+    that->MakeCaseIndependent(isolate(), is_one_byte_);
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->on_success());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    that->CalculateOffsets();
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(Propagators::VisitText(that));
+  }
+
+  void VisitAction(ActionNode* that) override {
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->on_success());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(Propagators::VisitAction(that));
+  }
+
+  void VisitChoice(ChoiceNode* that) override {
+    for (int i = 0; i < that->alternatives()->length(); i++) {
+      EnsureAnalyzed(that->alternatives()->at(i).node());
+      if (has_failed()) return;
+      STATIC_FOR_EACH(Propagators::VisitChoice(that, i));
+    }
+  }
+
+  void VisitLoopChoice(LoopChoiceNode* that) override {
+    DCHECK_EQ(that->alternatives()->length(), 2);  // Just loop and continue.
+
+    // First propagate all information from the continuation node.
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->continue_node());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(Propagators::VisitLoopChoiceContinueNode(that));
+
+    // Check the loop last since it may need the value of this node
+    // to get a correct result.
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->loop_node());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(Propagators::VisitLoopChoiceLoopNode(that));
+  }
+
+  void VisitNegativeLookaroundChoice(
+      NegativeLookaroundChoiceNode* that) override {
+    DCHECK_EQ(that->alternatives()->length(), 2);  // Lookaround and continue.
+
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->lookaround_node());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(
+        Propagators::VisitNegativeLookaroundChoiceLookaroundNode(that));
+
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->continue_node());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(
+        Propagators::VisitNegativeLookaroundChoiceContinueNode(that));
+  }
+
+  void VisitBackReference(BackReferenceNode* that) override {
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->on_success());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(Propagators::VisitBackReference(that));
+  }
+
+  void VisitAssertion(AssertionNode* that) override {
+    EnsureAnalyzed(that->on_success());
+    if (has_failed()) return;
+    STATIC_FOR_EACH(Propagators::VisitAssertion(that));
+  }
+
+#undef STATIC_FOR_EACH
+
+ private:
+  Isolate* isolate_;
+  bool is_one_byte_;
+  const char* error_message_;
+
+  DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(Analysis);
+};
+
+const char* AnalyzeRegExp(Isolate* isolate, bool is_one_byte,
+                          RegExpNode* node) {
+  Analysis<AssertionPropagator, EatsAtLeastPropagator> analysis(isolate,
+                                                                is_one_byte);
+  DCHECK_EQ(node->info()->been_analyzed, false);
+  analysis.EnsureAnalyzed(node);
+  DCHECK_IMPLIES(analysis.has_failed(), analysis.error_message() != nullptr);
+  return analysis.has_failed() ? analysis.error_message() : nullptr;
+}
+
+void BackReferenceNode::FillInBMInfo(Isolate* isolate, int offset, int budget,
+                                     BoyerMooreLookahead* bm,
+                                     bool not_at_start) {
+  // Working out the set of characters that a backreference can match is too
+  // hard, so we just say that any character can match.
+  bm->SetRest(offset);
+  SaveBMInfo(bm, not_at_start, offset);
+}
+
+STATIC_ASSERT(BoyerMoorePositionInfo::kMapSize ==
+              RegExpMacroAssembler::kTableSize);
+
+void ChoiceNode::FillInBMInfo(Isolate* isolate, int offset, int budget,
+                              BoyerMooreLookahead* bm, bool not_at_start) {
+  ZoneList<GuardedAlternative>* alts = alternatives();
+  budget = (budget - 1) / alts->length();
+  for (int i = 0; i < alts->length(); i++) {
+    GuardedAlternative& alt = alts->at(i);
+    if (alt.guards() != nullptr && alt.guards()->length() != 0) {
+      bm->SetRest(offset);  // Give up trying to fill in info.
+      SaveBMInfo(bm, not_at_start, offset);
+      return;
+    }
+    alt.node()->FillInBMInfo(isolate, offset, budget, bm, not_at_start);
+  }
+  SaveBMInfo(bm, not_at_start, offset);
+}
+
+void TextNode::FillInBMInfo(Isolate* isolate, int initial_offset, int budget,
+                            BoyerMooreLookahead* bm, bool not_at_start) {
+  if (initial_offset >= bm->length()) return;
+  int offset = initial_offset;
+  int max_char = bm->max_char();
+  for (int i = 0; i < elements()->length(); i++) {
+    if (offset >= bm->length()) {
+      if (initial_offset == 0) set_bm_info(not_at_start, bm);
+      return;
+    }
+    TextElement text = elements()->at(i);
+    if (text.text_type() == TextElement::ATOM) {
+      RegExpAtom* atom = text.atom();
+      for (int j = 0; j < atom->length(); j++, offset++) {
+        if (offset >= bm->length()) {
+          if (initial_offset == 0) set_bm_info(not_at_start, bm);
+          return;
+        }
+        uc16 character = atom->data()[j];
+        if (IgnoreCase(atom->flags())) {
+          unibrow::uchar chars[4];
+          int length = GetCaseIndependentLetters(
+              isolate, character, bm->max_char() == String::kMaxOneByteCharCode,
+              chars, 4);
+          for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) {
+            bm->Set(offset, chars[j]);
+          }
+        } else {
+          if (character <= max_char) bm->Set(offset, character);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      DCHECK_EQ(TextElement::CHAR_CLASS, text.text_type());
+      RegExpCharacterClass* char_class = text.char_class();
+      ZoneList<CharacterRange>* ranges = char_class->ranges(zone());
+      if (char_class->is_negated()) {
+        bm->SetAll(offset);
+      } else {
+        for (int k = 0; k < ranges->length(); k++) {
+          CharacterRange& range = ranges->at(k);
+          if (range.from() > max_char) continue;
+          int to = Min(max_char, static_cast<int>(range.to()));
+          bm->SetInterval(offset, Interval(range.from(), to));
+        }
+      }
+      offset++;
+    }
+  }
+  if (offset >= bm->length()) {
+    if (initial_offset == 0) set_bm_info(not_at_start, bm);
+    return;
+  }
+  on_success()->FillInBMInfo(isolate, offset, budget - 1, bm,
+                             true);  // Not at start after a text node.
+  if (initial_offset == 0) set_bm_info(not_at_start, bm);
+}
+
+// static
+RegExpNode* RegExpCompiler::OptionallyStepBackToLeadSurrogate(
+    RegExpCompiler* compiler, RegExpNode* on_success, JSRegExp::Flags flags) {
+  DCHECK(!compiler->read_backward());
+  Zone* zone = compiler->zone();
+  ZoneList<CharacterRange>* lead_surrogates = CharacterRange::List(
+      zone, CharacterRange::Range(kLeadSurrogateStart, kLeadSurrogateEnd));
+  ZoneList<CharacterRange>* trail_surrogates = CharacterRange::List(
+      zone, CharacterRange::Range(kTrailSurrogateStart, kTrailSurrogateEnd));
+
+  ChoiceNode* optional_step_back = new (zone) ChoiceNode(2, zone);
+
+  int stack_register = compiler->UnicodeLookaroundStackRegister();
+  int position_register = compiler->UnicodeLookaroundPositionRegister();
+  RegExpNode* step_back = TextNode::CreateForCharacterRanges(
+      zone, lead_surrogates, true, on_success, flags);
+  RegExpLookaround::Builder builder(true, step_back, stack_register,
+                                    position_register);
+  RegExpNode* match_trail = TextNode::CreateForCharacterRanges(
+      zone, trail_surrogates, false, builder.on_match_success(), flags);
+
+  optional_step_back->AddAlternative(
+      GuardedAlternative(builder.ForMatch(match_trail)));
+  optional_step_back->AddAlternative(GuardedAlternative(on_success));
+
+  return optional_step_back;
+}
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8