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diff --git a/misc/slackbook/html/process-control-top.html b/misc/slackbook/html/process-control-top.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c15f0f4e --- /dev/null +++ b/misc/slackbook/html/process-control-top.html @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> +<title>top</title> +<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /> +<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" /> +<link rel="UP" title="Process Control" href="process-control.html" /> +<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="kill" href="process-control-kill.html" /> +<link rel="NEXT" title="Essential System Administration" +href="essential-sysadmin.html" /> +<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> +</head> +<body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" +alink="#0000FF"> +<div class="NAVHEADER"> +<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="process-control-kill.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 11 Process Control</td> +<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="essential-sysadmin.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +</div> + +<div class="SECT1"> +<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="PROCESS-CONTROL-TOP" name="PROCESS-CONTROL-TOP">11.5 <tt +class="COMMAND">top</tt></a></h1> + +<p>Finally, there's a command you can use to display updating information about the +processes running on the system. This command is called <tt class="COMMAND">top</tt>(1), +and is started like so:</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">top</kbd> +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>This will display a full screen of information about the processes running on the +system, as well as some overall information about the system. This includes load average, +number of processes, the CPU status, free memory information, and details about processes +including PID, user, priority, CPU and memory usage information, running time, and +program name.</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> + 6:47pm up 1 day, 18:01, 1 user, load average: 0.02, 0.07, 0.02 +61 processes: 59 sleeping, 2 running, 0 zombie, 0 stopped +CPU states: 2.8% user, 3.1% system, 0.0% nice, 93.9% idle +Mem: 257992K av, 249672K used, 8320K free, 51628K shrd, 78248K buff +Swap: 32764K av, 136K used, 32628K free, 82600K cached + +<span class="emphasis"><i +class="EMPHASIS">PID USER PRI NI SIZE RSS SHARE STAT LIB %CPU %MEM TIME COMMAND</i></span> + 112 root 12 0 19376 18M 2468 R 0 3.7 7.5 55:53 X +4947 david 15 0 2136 2136 1748 S 0 2.3 0.8 0:00 screenshot +3398 david 7 0 20544 20M 3000 S 0 1.5 7.9 0:14 gimp +4946 root 12 0 1040 1040 836 R 0 1.5 0.4 0:00 top + 121 david 4 0 796 796 644 S 0 1.1 0.3 25:37 wmSMPmon + 115 david 3 0 2180 2180 1452 S 0 0.3 0.8 1:35 wmaker +4948 david 16 0 776 776 648 S 0 0.3 0.3 0:00 xwd + 1 root 1 0 176 176 148 S 0 0.1 0.0 0:13 init + 189 david 1 0 6256 6156 4352 S 0 0.1 2.4 3:16 licq +4734 david 0 0 1164 1164 916 S 0 0.1 0.4 0:00 rxvt + 2 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:08 kflushd + 3 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:06 kupdate + 4 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:00 kpiod + 5 root 0 0 0 0 0 SW 0 0.0 0.0 0:04 kswapd + 31 root 0 0 340 340 248 S 0 0.0 0.1 0:00 kerneld + 51 root 0 0 48 48 32 S 0 0.0 0.0 0:00 dhcpcd + 53 bin 0 0 316 316 236 S 0 0.0 0.1 0:00 rpc.portmap + 57 root 0 0 588 588 488 S 0 0.0 0.2 0:01 syslogd +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>It's called <tt class="COMMAND">top</tt> because the most CPU intensive programs will +be listed at the top. An interesting note is that top will be listed first on most +inactive (and some active) systems because of its CPU utilization. However, <tt +class="COMMAND">top</tt> is quite useful for determining what program is misbehaving and +needs to be killed off.</p> + +<p>But suppose you only want a list of your own processes, or the processes of some other +user. The processes you want to see might not be among the most CPU intensive programs +currently running. The <var class="OPTION">-u</var> option allows you to specify a +username or UID and monitor only those processes owned by that UID.</p> + +<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre class="SCREEN"> +<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">top -u alan</kbd> + PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND +3622 alan 13 0 11012 10m 6956 S 1.0 2.1 0:03.66 gnome-terminal +3739 alan 13 0 1012 1012 804 R 0.3 0.2 0:00.06 top +3518 alan 9 0 1312 1312 1032 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.09 bash +3529 alan 9 0 984 984 848 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.00 startx +3544 alan 9 0 640 640 568 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 xinit +3548 alan 9 0 8324 8320 6044 S 0.0 1.6 0:00.30 gnome-session +3551 alan 9 0 7084 7084 1968 S 0.0 1.4 0:00.50 gconfd-2 +3553 alan 9 0 2232 2232 380 S 0.0 0.4 0:00.05 esd +3555 alan 9 0 2552 2552 1948 S 0.0 0.5 0:00.10 bonobo-activati +3557 alan 9 0 2740 2740 2224 S 0.0 0.5 0:00.05 gnome-smproxy +3559 alan 9 0 6496 6492 5004 S 0.0 1.3 0:00.31 gnome-settings- +3565 alan 9 0 1740 1740 1440 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.28 xscreensaver +3568 alan 9 0 7052 7052 4960 S 0.0 1.4 0:02.28 metacity +3572 alan 9 0 11412 11m 7992 S 0.0 2.2 0:01.58 gnome-panel +3574 alan 9 0 12148 11m 8780 S 0.0 2.4 0:00.64 nautilus +3575 alan 9 0 12148 11m 8780 S 0.0 2.4 0:00.00 nautilus +3576 alan 9 0 12148 11m 8780 S 0.0 2.4 0:00.00 nautilus +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>As you can see, I'm currently running <tt class="COMMAND">X</tt>, <tt +class="COMMAND">top</tt>, a <tt class="COMMAND">gnome-terminal</tt> (in which I'm writing +this) and many other X-related processes which take up the most CPU time for me. This is +a good way to monitor how hard your users are working your system.</p> + +<p><tt class="COMMAND">top</tt> also supports monitoring processes by their PID, ignoring +idle and zombied processes, and many other options. The best place to get a handle on +these options is the man page for <tt class="COMMAND">top</tt>.</p> +</div> + +<div class="NAVFOOTER"> +<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> +<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" +cellspacing="0"> +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="process-control-kill.html" +accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html" +accesskey="H">Home</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="essential-sysadmin.html" +accesskey="N">Next</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><tt class="COMMAND">kill</tt></td> +<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="process-control.html" +accesskey="U">Up</a></td> +<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">Essential System Administration</td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> +</body> +</html> + |